4191356
Frage 1
Frage
Social Stratification is a concept that refers to
Antworten
-
specialization in productive work
-
ranking categories of people in a hierarchy.
-
the idea that some people are more talented than others
-
All of these responses are correct.
Frage 2
Frage
Using the sociological perspective, we see that social stratification
Antworten
-
gives some people more privileges and opportunities than others
-
places everyone on a level playing field
-
ensures that hard work will lead people to become wealthy
Frage 3
Frage
A caste system is defined as
Antworten
-
social stratification based on ascription, or birth.
-
social stratification based on personal achievement
-
a meritocracy
Frage 4
Frage
the concept "meritocracy" refers to social stratification
Antworten
-
with no social mobility
-
in which people "know their place"
-
based entirely on personal merits
-
as found in the United States
Frage 5
Frage
The degree of status consistency is
Antworten
-
higher in caste than class systems
-
the same in all types of social stratification
-
higher in class than caste systems
-
higher the more productive a society is
Frage 6
Frage
The concept structural social mobility refers to
Antworten
-
cultural beliefs that justify social stratification
-
change in social position due to people's own efforts
-
change in the social position of many people due to changes in the society itself
-
change in family's social position from one generation to the next
Frage 7
Frage
Ideology, or cultural beliefs that support social stratification, is found in
Antworten
-
caste systems
-
class systems
-
both class and caste systems
-
only U.S. society
Frage 8
Frage
According to the Davis-Moore thesis
Antworten
-
complete equality is functional for everyday society
-
the more inequality a society has the more productive it is.
-
more important jobs must provide enough rewards to attract the talent necessary to perform them
-
meritocracy is less productive than a caste system
Frage 9
Frage
According to Karl Marx, social stratification in a capitalist society always involves
Antworten
-
class conflict
-
negotiation and compromise leading to stability
-
the abolition of work itself
-
all of these responses are correct
Frage 10
Frage
Weber claimed that agrarian societies gives special importance to which dimension of social equality?
Antworten
-
economic class
-
social prestige or honor
-
power
-
control of information
Frage 11
Frage
the concept "conspicuous consumption" refers to
Antworten
-
buying things that are popular with the most people
-
buying more than what you need for the moment
-
the practice of buying things to make a statement about one's social position
-
acting as if one had a lower social position than is really the case
Frage 12
Frage
If you follow the lead of Max Weber, you would think of social stratification in terms of
Antworten
-
a multidimensional status hierarchy
-
two major social classes
-
a middle-class society
-
six different social classes
Frage 13
Frage
Relative poverty
Antworten
-
is found everywhere
-
is life threatening
-
is not found in the United States
-
All of the responses are correct
Frage 14
Frage
The concept "feminization of poverty" refers to the fact that, in the United States
Antworten
-
more and more women are becoming poor
-
today's women have fewer legal rights
-
women make up an increasing percentage of the poor
-
fewer women work now for income
Frage 15
Frage
High-income nations
Antworten
-
are the forefront of the Information Revolution
-
make use of factories, big machinery, and advanced technology
-
contain almost all the world's financial markets
-
All of these answers are correct
Frage 16
Frage
Absolute Poverty is
Antworten
-
most common in large nations such as the United States
-
the same as relative poverty
-
life threatening
-
found only in the poorest nations
Frage 17
Frage
Which type of slavery refers to one person owning another?
Antworten
-
Chattel slavery
-
child slavery
-
debt bondage
-
servile forms of marriage
Frage 18
Frage
Which type of slavery consists of employers holding workers accountable by paying them to little to cover their debts?
Antworten
-
chattel slavery
-
child slavery
-
debt bondage
-
servile forms of marriage
Frage 19
Frage
The concept of "colonialism" refers to the process by which
Antworten
-
rich nations share advanced technology with poor countries
-
some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of others
-
poor nations force an end to control by other nations
-
companies operate in many countries at one time
Frage 20
Frage
The concept of "neocolonialism" refers to the process by which
Antworten
-
countries gain new colonies to replace older ones
-
countries rid themselves of former colonies
-
multinational corporations exploit the economy of a poor country
-
companies operate in many countries at one time
Frage 21
Frage
Modernization theory claims that
Antworten
-
poor nations can never become rich in today's world
-
the main causes of poverty involve culture and technology
-
the main causes of poverty include multinational corporations
-
most poor nations were richer in the past
Frage 22
Frage
According to Walt Rostow nations begin at the _______ stage of development and may eventually reach the stage of _______.
Antworten
-
drive to technological maturity; take -off
-
traditional; high mass consumption
-
high mass consumption; take-off
-
take-off; drive to technological maturity
Frage 23
Frage
Dependency theory differs from modernization theory by
Antworten
-
making poor nations responsible for their own fate
-
supporting capitalism as a path to development
-
explaining global inequality in terms of the exploitation of poor countries by rich countries
-
claiming that economic development is not a desirable goal
Frage 24
Frage
The modernization theory focuses on ________, dependency theory focuses_________
Antworten
-
poor nations; rich nations
-
the future; the past
-
production of wealth; distribution of wealth
-
All of these responses are correct.
Frage 25
Frage
The concept of gender refers to
Antworten
-
the degree of inequality between men and women in a society
-
the secondary sex characteristics of individuals
-
the personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female or male
-
patterns of sexual orientation
Frage 26
Frage
On average young men show greater _________ ability than young women; young women show greater _________ ability than young men.
Antworten
-
intellectual; sensory
-
mathematical; verbal
-
verbal; mathematical
-
sensory; intellectual
Frage 27
Frage
Which of the following concepts refers to social organization in which males dominate females?
Antworten
-
patriarchy
-
matriarchy
-
monarchy
-
oligarchy
Frage 28
Frage
Which of the following factors has helped increase the share of women in the paid labor force over the course of the last century?
Antworten
-
the increase in the number of people working on farms
-
a high divorce rate
-
the increasing size of U.S. families
-
the fact that working women earn more than working men
Frage 29
Frage
The concept of "glass ceiling" refers to
Antworten
-
the barrier that prevents women from being promoted
-
the fact that women's dreams are easily broken
-
the fact that cleaning the home is all most women do
-
the barrier that keeps women in service work
Frage 30
Frage
The "beauty myth" refers to the idea that
Antworten
-
women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance
-
beauty is in the eye of the beholder
-
women prefer men who are physically attractive
-
women today are as physically attractive as today's men are
Frage 31
Frage
What is a reason to see women as a minority in the United States?
Antworten
-
at every class level, women have less income, wealth, education, and power than men do
-
almost all women see themselves as a minority
-
in the United States, men out number women
-
all of the responses are correct
Frage 32
Frage
Sexual harassment is an important social issue because
Antworten
-
it actually targets men more often than women
-
half of working women report receiving unwanted sexual attention
-
it almost always involves blatant threats
-
all of these responses are correct
Frage 33
Frage
Structural-functional analysis points out that industrialization encourages
Antworten
-
men to take control of the workplace
-
growing gender equality
-
women to have more children
-
All of these responses are correct
Frage 34
Frage
Feminists support all but one of the following. Which is the statement that feminists do not support?
Antworten
-
ending gender stratification
-
ending sexual violence
-
weakening the importance of gender in people's lives
-
limiting sexual freedom
Frage 35
Frage
Sociologists define the concept of "race" as
Antworten
-
people who fall into any minority category
-
a person's skin color
-
a cultural heritage shared by a category of people
-
a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important
Frage 36
Frage
Why do sociologists consider the "scientific" racial types of Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid to be misleading and even harmful?
Antworten
-
Every society's population contains a lot of genetic mixture
-
Various racial categories are genetically very much alike
-
The skin color of Caucasian people ranges from very light to very dark
-
All of these responses are correct
Frage 37
Frage
Which of the following concepts refers to a shared cultural heritage?
Antworten
-
race
-
minority
-
ethnicity
-
stereotype
Frage 38
Frage
Race refers to ________ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to ________.
Antworten
-
cultural traits; biological traits
-
biological traits; cultural traits
-
differences; what we have in common
-
what we have in common; differences
Frage 39
Frage
Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged?
Antworten
-
minority
-
ethnic category
-
racial category
-
out-group
Frage 40
Frage
You are expressing a "stereotype" if you
Antworten
-
make any generalization about anyone
-
apply a simplified description to every person in some category
-
hold an opinion about someone based on personal experience
-
treat everybody in an unkind way
Frage 41
Frage
Scapegoat theory state stat prejudice is created by
Antworten
-
cultural beliefs
-
high levels of immigration
-
frustration among disadvantaged people
-
people with rigid personalities
Frage 42
Frage
Conflict theory states that prejudice is
Antworten
-
a tool used by powerful people to oppress others
-
built in to culture itself
-
common among immigrants
-
common among certain people with rigid personalities
Frage 43
Frage
While prejudice is a mater of ______, discrimination is a matter of _______.
Antworten
-
biology;culture
-
attitude; action
-
choice; social structure
-
abnormality; what a society considers normal
Frage 44
Frage
Assimilation refers to the process by which
Antworten
-
people become more tolerant of minorities
-
minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant culture
-
all minority categories become more equal in social standing
-
people regain their lost cultural heritage
Frage 45
Frage
What Gunnar Mydral called the "American dilemma" was
Antworten
-
the denial of basic rights to African Americans by a so-called "democratic society"
-
the placing of Native Americans on reservations
-
the restriction of immigration by a nation that was built by immigrants
-
the refusal of many minorities to improve their social standing
Frage 46
Frage
The family is a social institution that is found in
Antworten
-
most, but not all, societies
-
about half of human societies in the world today
-
high-income nations, but not in most low-income nations
-
every society
Frage 47
Frage
The U.S. Census Bureau defines the "family" as
Antworten
-
people who live together
-
people who engage in economic cooperation
-
people living together who are linked by birth, marriage, or adoption
-
people who consider themselves to be a family
Frage 48
Frage
A family that includes parents, children and other kin is called
Antworten
-
a nuclear family
-
an extended family
-
a family of affinity
-
a conjugal family
Frage 49
Frage
The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between
Antworten
-
people of the same sex
-
people of different social categories
-
people of the same social category
-
people related by birth
Frage 50
Frage
The incest taboo
Antworten
-
exists only in industrial societies
-
is found in all societies
-
is found among all living species
-
all of these responses are correct
Frage 51
Frage
In the United States, romantic love
Antworten
-
is the reason most people expect to marry
-
is not a very stable foundation for marriage
-
may contribute to a high divorce rate
-
All of these responses are correct
Möchten Sie mit GoConqr kostenlos Ihre eigenen Quiz erstellen? eigenen Mehr erfahren.