Cell Cycle

What are the two reasons why cells must divide rather than grow larger in size? Select all that apply.

Cell division is the process where a cell divides into 2 new daughter cells.

What are the two stages in cell division? Select all that apply.

The 1st stage of cell division is called [blank_start]mitosis[blank_end] which is when the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] divides.

The 2nd stage of cell division is called [blank_start]cytokinesis[blank_end] which is when the [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end] divides.

What are the three functions of cell division? Select all that apply.

In asexual reproduction the baby is genetically [blank_start]identical[blank_end] to the parent.

Mitosis produces [blank_start]new[blank_end] cells to allow [blank_start]growth[blank_end] of an embryo.

Wounds and injuries are [blank_start]healed[blank_end] by cell [blank_start]division[blank_end].

Centromere is the region of a [blank_start]chromosome[blank_end] where two [blank_start]sister[blank_end] [blank_start]chromatids[blank_end] are held [blank_start]together[blank_end].

Sister chromatids are [blank_start]replicated[blank_end] chromosomes which has [blank_start]two[blank_end] identical [blank_start]copies[blank_end] of itself.

Label the point shown.

A diploid is [blank_start]two[blank_end] sets of chromosomes; [blank_start]one[blank_end] from dad and [blank_start]one[blank_end] from mom. Diploid human cells have [blank_start]46[blank_end] chromosomes.

A haploid is [blank_start]one[blank_end] set of chromosomes. Haploid human cells have [blank_start]23[blank_end] chromosomes.

A chicken has a diploid # of 78 chromosomes. The haploid number is [blank_start]39[blank_end].

Peas have a haploid # of 7 chromosomes. Their diploid number is [blank_start]14[blank_end].

The cell cycle is the [blank_start]stages[blank_end] of [blank_start]life[blank_end] that cells go through as they [blank_start]grow[blank_end] and [blank_start]develop[blank_end].

[blank_start]Interphase[blank_end] is the period of time that occurs between cell divisions.

The cell cycle consists of how many stages?

Label the stages of the cell cycle.

Label the stages.

Cell spend most of their time in [blank_start]interphase[blank_end].

Interphase consists of [blank_start]three[blank_end] parts: [blank_start]G1[blank_end], [blank_start]S[blank_end], and [blank_start]G2[blank_end].

During prophase the centrioles [blank_start]separate[blank_end] and [blank_start]spindle[blank_end] begins to form. The chromosomes begin to [blank_start]condense[blank_end] and the [blank_start]nuclear[blank_end] [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] begins to break down.

During metaphase the chromosomes [blank_start]line[blank_end] up single file in the [blank_start]middle[blank_end] of the cell. The spindle fibers attach to the [blank_start]centromere[blank_end] region.

During anaphase the spindle fibers begin to pull on the [blank_start]centromeres[blank_end] causing the sister chromatids to pull [blank_start]apart[blank_end] and move to [blank_start]opposite[blank_end] poles of the cell.

During telophase the nuclear membrane begins to [blank_start]form[blank_end] again around single [blank_start]chromosomes[blank_end], the chromosomes begin to [blank_start]decondense[blank_end] and [blank_start]cytokinesis[blank_end] begins.

During cytokinesis the cell [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] pinches inward, [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end] divides into two [blank_start]daughter[blank_end] cells, and the cells begin to enter [blank_start]interphase[blank_end].

During G1 the cell is [blank_start]growing[blank_end] and making [blank_start]proteins[blank_end]. During S the chromosomes are being [blank_start]replicated[blank_end] and during G2 the cell continues to [blank_start]grow[blank_end] and prepares to [blank_start]divide[blank_end].

Label the parts below.

Label the onion root cells with the appropriate stages.