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Practice Set (2) - Basic Principles

Beschreibung

Diploma MR Quiz am Practice Set (2) - Basic Principles, erstellt von S L am 09/01/2016.
S L
Quiz von S L, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
S L
Erstellt von S L vor fast 9 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
With the exception of hydrogen, all matter is composed of three components. They are
Antworten
  • Electrons, Photons, Protons
  • Electrons, Neutrons, Photons
  • Protons, Neutrons, Photons
  • Neutrons, Electrons, Protons

Frage 2

Frage
The negatively charged component of an atom is called the
Antworten
  • Electron
  • Proton
  • Negatron
  • Neutron

Frage 3

Frage
The positively charged component of an atom is called the
Antworten
  • Electron
  • Proton
  • Positron
  • Neutron

Frage 4

Frage
The neutral component of an atom is called the
Antworten
  • Electron
  • Proton
  • Neutron
  • Photon

Frage 5

Frage
The nucleus of the hydrogen atom is made up of one
Antworten
  • Neutron
  • Electron
  • Photon
  • Proton

Frage 6

Frage
Materials reach their highest magnetic potential when their atoms are grouped in areas known as
Antworten
  • Regions
  • Fields
  • Fringes
  • Domains

Frage 7

Frage
Material that is weakly attracted to a magnetic field is said to be
Antworten
  • Electromagnetic
  • Paramagnetic
  • Ferromagnetic
  • Diamagnetic

Frage 8

Frage
Material that is strongly attracted to a magnetic field is said to be
Antworten
  • Electromagnetic
  • Paramagnetic
  • Ferromagnetic
  • Diamagnetic

Frage 9

Frage
Material that is slightly repelled from a magnetic field is said to be
Antworten
  • Resistive
  • Paramagnetic
  • Ferromagnetic
  • Diamagnetic

Frage 10

Frage
Three types offerromagnetic material are
Antworten
  • Copper, Titanium, Aluminum
  • Iron, Cobalt, Nickel
  • Bronze, Niobium, Tin
  • None of the above

Frage 11

Frage
To exist, magnets must have two poles, therefore they are commonly called
Antworten
  • Vectors
  • Dipoles
  • Axis
  • A and C

Frage 12

Frage
The lines that represent the field of a magnet are known as
Antworten
  • Flux lines
  • Intensity lines
  • Induction lines
  • Faraday lines

Frage 13

Frage
The strength of a magnet is measured by its
Antworten
  • Signal intensity
  • Induction ability
  • Flux density
  • None of the above

Frage 14

Frage
The strength of an MRI magnet is most commonly represented by a unit of measurement called
Antworten
  • Amps
  • Kilogauss
  • Tesla
  • Ohms

Frage 15

Frage
10,000 gauss is equal to
Antworten
  • 1.0 amp
  • 1.0 ohm
  • 1.0 tesla
  • 10 tesla

Frage 16

Frage
15,000 gauss is equal to
Antworten
  • 1.5 amps
  • 1.5 ohms
  • 1.5 tesla
  • 15 tesla

Frage 17

Frage
The law that is used in MRI to describe how a magnetic field is induced by flowing current is known as
Antworten
  • Damadian's Law
  • Murphy's Law
  • Newton's Law
  • Faraday's Law

Frage 18

Frage
Which of the following is an advantage of a permanent magnet MRI system?
Antworten
  • Very heavy
  • Low operating costs
  • Fixed field strength

Frage 19

Frage
What type of molecule makes up 500/0 to 90% of a person's total body weight?
Antworten
  • Fat
  • Oxygen
  • Water
  • Nitrogen

Frage 20

Frage
Clinical MRl is based on the generation of signal from the nucleus of which atom?
Antworten
  • Helium
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Hydrogen

Frage 21

Frage
The nucleus of the hydrogen atom carries what type of charge?
Antworten
  • Negative
  • Positive
  • Neutral

Frage 22

Frage
The spin of the proton of the hydrogen atom is known as
Antworten
  • Nuclear spin
  • Axial momentum
  • Hydraulic spin
  • Angular momentum

Frage 23

Frage
Because the nucleus of the hydrogen atom acts much like a bar magnet it is said to have a
Antworten
  • Magnetic ratio
  • Magnetic moment
  • Larmor ratio
  • Frequency ratio

Frage 24

Frage
Because the spinning nucleus of the hydrogen atom has both a North and South pole it is commonly called a
Antworten
  • Electromagnet
  • Bar magnet
  • Dipole

Frage 25

Frage
When placed in an external magnetic field, hydrogen nuclei
Antworten
  • Resonate
  • Become excited
  • Become aligned
  • Repel each other

Frage 26

Frage
After being placed in an external magnetic field, high energy hydrogen nuclei point in which direction?
Antworten
  • Parallel
  • Anti-paired
  • Anti-parallel
  • Perpendicular

Frage 27

Frage
After being placed in an external magnetic field, low energy hydrogen nuclei point in which direction?
Antworten
  • Parallel
  • Anti-paired
  • Anti-parallel
  • Perpendicular

Frage 28

Frage
When placed in an external magnetic field, the hydrogen nuclei that are of clinical interest are
Antworten
  • Parallel paired
  • Anti-parallel paired
  • Parallel unpaired
  • Perpendicular paired

Frage 29

Frage
When a patient is placed in an external magnetic field, the number of unmatched hydrogen protons usually equals
Antworten
  • One billion
  • One million
  • Few per million
  • Few per billion

Frage 30

Frage
The sum of all of the unmatched parallel protons in an external magnetic field makes up what is called the
Antworten
  • External magnetization
  • Internal magnetization
  • Resonant magnetization
  • Net magnetic vector

Frage 31

Frage
The type of rotation that is displayed by hydrogen nuclei in an external magnetic field is known as
Antworten
  • Magnetization
  • Relaxation
  • Precession
  • Resonance

Frage 32

Frage
Within a perfect magnetic field all protons rotate at
Antworten
  • Different frequencies
  • The same frequency
  • Undetermined frequencies
  • None of the above

Frage 33

Frage
The speed at which protons rotate in an external magnetic field is known as
Antworten
  • Precessional frequency
  • Hydromagnetic frequency
  • External magnetic frequency
  • None of the above

Frage 34

Frage
The ratio that describes the constant at which any magnetic nucleus will precess in a 1 tesla magnet is known as
Antworten
  • Precessional ratio
  • Magnetogyric ratio
  • Gyromagnetic ratio
  • Both B and C

Frage 35

Frage
The precessional frequency of magnetic nuclei is determined by which of the following?
Antworten
  • The strength of the external magnetic field
  • The magnetogyric frequency
  • The gyromagnetic ratio of the specific nuclei
  • Both A and C

Frage 36

Frage
The equation that is used to determine the precessional frequency of magnetic nuclei is known as
Antworten
  • Faraday's equation
  • Fast Fourier transformations
  • Damadian's equation
  • Larmor equation

Frage 37

Frage
The stronger the magnetic field the ________ the precessional frequency
Antworten
  • Stronger
  • Higher
  • Longer
  • Shorter

Frage 38

Frage
Which of the following is the equation that is used to determine precessional frequencies?
Antworten
  • Wo=yBo
  • Bo=yWo
  • F= yBo
  • A and C

Frage 39

Frage
Alignment of the net magnetic vector in the direction of the external magnetic field is known as
Antworten
  • Transverse magnetization
  • Longitudinal magnetization
  • Equilibrium
  • B and C

Frage 40

Frage
Magnetization in the XY plane is known as
Antworten
  • Equilibrium
  • Longitudinal magnetization
  • Transverse magnetization
  • Spin-Lattice magnetization

Frage 41

Frage
When the proper radio frequency is applied, the precessing hydrogen nuclei begin to
Antworten
  • Dephase
  • Rephase
  • Relax
  • Resonate

Frage 42

Frage
The RF pulse used to move nuclei into a higher energy state is at a frequency known as
Antworten
  • Resonance frequency
  • Fourier frequency
  • Transverse frequency
  • None of the above

Frage 43

Frage
Hydrogen nuclei begin to precess in phase when which of the following occurs?
Antworten
  • The proper RF is turned off
  • The patient is placed into the external magnet
  • The proper RF is turned on
  • None of the above

Frage 44

Frage
When the radio frequency is turned off, precessing nuclei begin to
Antworten
  • Relax
  • Lose energy
  • Dephase
  • All of the above

Frage 45

Frage
Another name for transverse relaxation is
Antworten
  • Spin-lattice relaxation
  • T1 relaxation
  • Spin-Spin relaxation
  • Longitudinal relaxation

Frage 46

Frage
Another name for Tl relaxation is
Antworten
  • Dephasing
  • Longitudinal relaxation
  • Spin-Spin relaxation
  • Transverse relaxation

Frage 47

Frage
The return of longitudinal magnetization to equilibrium is known as
Antworten
  • T1 relaxation
  • Spin-Lattice relaxation
  • Longitudinal relaxation
  • All of the above

Frage 48

Frage
Dephasing of the net vector in the transverse plane is known as
Antworten
  • T1 relaxation
  • Spin-Lattice relaxation
  • Longitudinal relaxation
  • Spin-Spin relaxation

Frage 49

Frage
The time it takes for a tissue's bulk longitudinal magnetization to return to 63% of its original value is known as
Antworten
  • T1 relaxation time
  • T2 relaxation time
  • T2* relaxation time
  • None of the Above

Frage 50

Frage
The time it takes for transverse magnetization to decay to 37% of its original value is known as
Antworten
  • T1 relaxation time
  • T2 relaxation time
  • T2* relaxation time

Frage 51

Frage
Dephasing ofthe net vector in the transverse plane is caused by two factors, imperfections in the external magnetic field and
Antworten
  • The application of the 180 degree RF pulse
  • The application of a 90 degree RF pulse
  • Interaction between surrounding nuclei
  • None of the above

Frage 52

Frage
Magnetization in the transverse plane can also be known as
Antworten
  • Mz
  • Mxy
  • M0
  • Both B and C

Frage 53

Frage
Magnetization in the longitudinal plane can also be known as
Antworten
  • Mz
  • Equilibrium
  • Mxy
  • A and B

Frage 54

Frage
MRI signals can only be detected in which ofthe following planes
Antworten
  • Z plane
  • XY plane
  • Transverse plane
  • B and C

Frage 55

Frage
~~ The signal created after applying a 90 degree RF pulse is known as a
Antworten
  • Gradient echo signal
  • Spin echo
  • Spin spin signal
  • Fill signal

Frage 56

Frage
The signal produced after the 180 degree RF pulse is applied is known as a
Antworten
  • Gradient echo signal
  • Spin echo signal
  • Spin spin signal
  • Fill signal

Frage 57

Frage
A 180 degree RF pulse is used to ________ the dephasing net vector in the transverse plane
Antworten
  • Magnetize
  • Decay
  • Delay
  • Refocus

Frage 58

Frage
The larger the net magnetic vector in the transverse plane the _______  the signal that is produced
Antworten
  • Smaller
  • Stronger
  • Weaker
  • None of the above

Frage 59

Frage
The smaller the net magnetic vector in the transverse plane the signal that is produced
Antworten
  • Larger
  • Stronger
  • Weaker
  • None of the above

Frage 60

Frage
The letters FID in an Fill signal stand for
Antworten
  • Field image dimensions
  • Free induction decay
  • Field induction direction
  • Free image direction

Frage 61

Frage
The type of signal that is created after a gradient is used to refocus the dephasing net vector is known as
Antworten
  • Spin echo signal
  • Gradient echo signal
  • Fill signal
  • None of the above

Frage 62

Frage
The time between two successive 90 degree RF pulses is known as
Antworten
  • Echo time
  • Repetition time
  • Inversion time
  • Relaxation time

Frage 63

Frage
The time between the 90 degree RF pulse and the spin echo signal in a spin echo pulse sequence is known as
Antworten
  • Echo time
  • Repetition time
  • Inversion time
  • Relaxation time

Frage 64

Frage
In an inversion recovery pulse sequence, the time between the 180 degree RF pulse and the 90 degree RF pulse is known as
Antworten
  • Echo time
  • Repetition time
  • Inversion time
  • Relaxation time
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