Quiz #3: Periodic Trends and Ionic Compounds Vocab

A highly simplified conceptual model of the atom that shows the location of electrons in a series of concentric rings in the electron cloud within which electron may be found is called a [blank_start]shell model[blank_end].

[blank_start]Valence electrons[blank_end] - Electrons found in the outermost occupied shell of an atom.

[blank_start]Octet Rule[blank_end] - the rule that says that the valence electrons bond with other electron of other atoms to gain all 8 valence electrons on the outer shell ring.

The distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost occupied shell is called the [blank_start]atomic radius[blank_end].

[blank_start]Electronegativity[blank_end] is the ability of an atom or element to attract electrons from other atoms.

[blank_start]Ionization energy[blank_end] - the minimum amount of energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gaseous state.

[blank_start]Chemical Compound[blank_end] - a pure substance created when atoms of different elements chemically bond to one another through interactions of their valence electrons.

[blank_start]Molecule[blank_end] - a bonded collection of 2 or more atoms of the same element or different elements.

[blank_start]Noble gas configuration[blank_end] - a full valence shell.

[blank_start]Subscript[blank_end] - A # that indicates how many atoms of that element are present in the compounds molecules

[blank_start]Ionic bond[blank_end] - occurs between atoms whose electronegativity difference is > 1.7

[blank_start]Ion[blank_end] - a charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of 1 or more unpaired valence electrons.

[blank_start]Cation[blank_end] - positively charged atom or group of atoms formed when electrons are lost of donated to other atoms

[blank_start]Anion[blank_end] - negatively charged atom or group of atoms formed when electrons gained or stolen from other atoms

[blank_start]Superscript[blank_end] - this is never written in a chemical formula; used to help determine the # of each atom in a compound.

[blank_start]Polyatomic Ion[blank_end] - an ion composed of 2 or more atoms usually covalently bonded together.