IHS Test 1 - Physics Laws

Physics is observed by changes all EXCEPT one of the following:

Heat is measured on the Kelvin scale at [blank_start]absolute zero[blank_end] and goes up.

Finish the equation to convert Centigrade to Fahrenheit = F = (C x [blank_start]1.8[blank_end]) + [blank_start]32[blank_end].

Fill in the formula for converting centigrade to Kelvin: K = C + [blank_start]273.16[blank_end].

What is the transfer of heat from one molecule to another?

Which of the following is the transfer of heat in electromagnetic waves?

What is the transfer of heat by air currents?

What is the transfer of heat through humidity?

Pressure is generated by two sources:

[blank_start]Molecular activity[blank_end] is the movement of molecules and the atoms of which they are made up is constant but not uniform; speed, direction, and movement can vary.

When gases are compressed, the sum of molecular forces occurs in a closed container and is called [blank_start]cylinder pressure[blank_end].

A full E cylinder of [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] measures 2,200 PSIG while a full E cylinder of [blank_start]nitrous oxide[blank_end] measures 745 PSIG.

What gas law says that with temperature as a constant, gas volume varies inversely with pressure.

What gas law is "With volume as a constant, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature?

Which gas law describes the basis for breathing?

Label the following image with the memory aid for empirical gas laws.

The Joule-Thompson Effect describes [blank_start]adiabatic[blank_end] changes.

What is the value for R in the ideal gas law? (PV = nRT)

If you have a 100-liter volume of gas at 273K, which exerts a pressure of 1000 pounds per square inch (psi), and doubling the temperature causes a fourfold increase in pressure, what will be the new volume of gas?

What term describes the process whereby gases move from an area of high concentration to areas of lower concentration?

The rate of diffusion of a gas will vary with the square root of its gram molecular weight, according to which gas law?

Fick's Law of Diffusion tells us that at the start of inhalational anesthesia, delivered concentration is [blank_start]high[blank_end] compared to the blood concentration. As the anesthetic proceeds, the pressure difference falls and the rate of diffusion into the blood [blank_start]slows[blank_end].

Henry's Law states that: At a constant temperature, the amount of a gas dissolved in a liquid is [blank_start]directly proportional[blank_end] to the partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid.

There are two main areas in anesthesia where we utilize Henry's law: calculation of the amount of [blank_start]02[blank_end] in the blood and calculation of the amount of [blank_start]C02[blank_end] in the blood.

Dalton's law of partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the [blank_start]sum[blank_end] of all its individual (partial) gas pressures. The total pressure will always equal the atmospheric pressure ([blank_start]760[blank_end] torr, or mm Hg), depending on the altitude.

[blank_start]Unsaturated[blank_end] solutions permit the addition of more solute while [blank_start]saturated[blank_end] solutions do not allow the addition of more solute without some of the solute precipitating out. An exception is heating the solvent, which allows for the addition of more solute, producing a [blank_start]supersaturated[blank_end] solution.

In a water molecule, the electrons are shared unequally with oxygen. Oxygen is slightly more [blank_start]negative[blank_end] and hydrogen is slightly more [blank_start]positive[blank_end].

What is the movement of solute and solvent across a permeable membrane at an area of high to low concentration?

If two fluids exert the same osmotic pressure, they are said to be [blank_start]isotonic[blank_end].

Hypertonic solutions have a higher amount of solutes than blood, which causes the RBCs to [blank_start]shrink[blank_end].

Hypotonic solutions can cause a cell to enlarge and potentially [blank_start]rupture[blank_end].

Click on the four types of flow:

Air flow in the terminal bronchioles is an example of what type of flow?

What type of flow occurs at the carina or at points distal to partial obstructions?

Flow changes from laminar to turbulent when Reynold's number is greater than [blank_start]2,000[blank_end].

Pouiseuille's Law tells us that the [blank_start]radius[blank_end] has the most dramatic effect on flow.

Bernoulli's Principle tells us that as a pipe narrows, the fluid flows more [blank_start]quickly[blank_end].