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Quiz von Mari Magabo, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Mari Magabo
vor etwa 8 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells?
Antworten
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Digestion
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Metabolism
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Absorption
-
Catabolism
Frage 2
Frage
What primary factor governs the quality of a food protein?
Antworten
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Fat content
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Essential amino acid content
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Complex carbohydrate content
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Nonessential amino acid content
Frage 3
Frage
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation or unsaturation due to their number of
Antworten
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amino acids.
-
double bonds.
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saccharide units.
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peptide linkages.
Frage 4
Frage
What is the primary storage form of carbohydrate in the body?
Antworten
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Fiber
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Starch
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Glucose
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Glycogen
Frage 5
Frage
After swallowing, in what order does food pass through the regions of the GI tract?
Antworten
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Jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum, rectum
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Jejunum, ileum, duodenum, rectum, colon
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Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon
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Stomach, jejunum, duodenum, colon, ileum
Frage 6
Frage
Which of the following cannot add fat to the body?
Antworten
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Alcohol
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Proteins
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Carbohydrates
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Inorganic nutrients
Frage 7
Frage
Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?
Antworten
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Glucose formation from glycerol
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Pyruvate formation from glucose
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Albumin formation from amino acids
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Palmitic acid formation from acetate
Frage 8
Frage
In comparison to the composition of carbohydrates and fats, which element found in proteins makes them unique?
Antworten
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Carbon
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Oxygen
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Nitrogen
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Hydrogen
Frage 9
Frage
Any of the following can be used by the body for the synthesis of a nonessential amino acid EXCEPT
Antworten
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a fragment of fat.
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an essential mineral.
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an essential amino acid.
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a fragment of carbohydrate.
Frage 10
Frage
The application of heat or acid to a protein that causes its shape to change is known as
Antworten
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stiffening
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condensation
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denaturation
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destabilization
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following is a feature of fat metabolism?
Antworten
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Cholesterol is stored primarily on the surface of veins
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High-density lipoproteins represent the major transport vehicle for delivering fat to the adipose cells
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Fat storage is highly efficient due to the rapid uptake of the intact triglyceride molecule by adipose cells
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Triglycerides in the blood must first be broken down to monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol prior to uptake by the adipose cells
Frage 12
Frage
The process by which food is broken down into absorbable components is called
Antworten
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digestion
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absorption
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excretion
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mastication
Frage 13
Frage
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
Antworten
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diglyceride
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triglyceride
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phospholipid
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monoglyceride
Frage 14
Frage
An important function of fat in the body is to
Antworten
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build muscle tissue.
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regulate blood glucose levels.
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protect vital organs against shock.
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provide precursors for glucose synthesis.
Frage 15
Frage
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
Antworten
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It is absorbed directly into the blood
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It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
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It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet
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It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil
Frage 16
Frage
Which of the following terms is NOT used to classify amino acids in the diet?
Antworten
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Essential
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Nonessential
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Partially essential
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Conditionally essential
Frage 17
Frage
When two amino acids are chemically joined together, the resulting structure is called a
Antworten
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dipeptide.
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diglyceride
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polypeptide.
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disaccharide.
Frage 18
Frage
A person who eats a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast every day is most likely making a food choice based on
Antworten
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habit
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availability
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body image
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environmental concerns
Frage 19
Frage
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of absorption of nutrients by intestinal cells?
Antworten
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Diffusion
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Transmigration
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Active transport
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Facilitated diffusion
Frage 20
Frage
What is a bolus?
Antworten
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Enzyme that hydrolyzes starch
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Portion of food swallowed at one time
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Device used to analyze the contents of the stomach
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Sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine
Frage 21
Frage
Which of the following is a feature of diabetes?
Antworten
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Many people with type 2 diabetes are obese
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Most people who have diabetes require insulin therapy
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Diabetes results chiefly from excess dietary intake of simple carbohydrates
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People with type 1 diabetes fail to respond to the insulin made by the pancreas
Frage 22
Frage
Among the following, which would be the least effective method to control blood cholesterol levels?
Antworten
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Control body weight
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Eat more insoluble fiber
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Consume less saturated fat
-
Engage in physical activity
Frage 23
Frage
What is the name given to partially digested food in the stomach?
Antworten
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Chyme
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Liquid food
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Gastric mucus
-
Semiliquid mass
Frage 24
Frage
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Antworten
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Saturated
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Monounsaturated
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Polyunsaturated
-
Partially hydrogenated
Frage 25
Frage
The purpose of bicarbonate in the digestive process is to
Antworten
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raise the pH of chyme.
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lower the pH of chyme.
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hydrolyze large peptides.
-
provide a little fizz in your life.
Frage 26
Frage
When amino acids are deaminated, the immediate products are ammonia and often a
Antworten
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uric acid.
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keto acid.
-
folic acid.
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gluco acid.
Frage 27
Frage
A low risk of cardiovascular disease correlates with high blood levels of
Antworten
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triglycerides.
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free fatty acids.
-
high-density lipoproteins.
-
very-low-density lipoproteins.
Frage 28
Frage
When nitrogen taken into the body exceeds nitrogen losses, we say the person is in
Antworten
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a healthy state.
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nitrogen equilibrium.
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positive nitrogen balance.
-
negative nitrogen balance.
Frage 29
Frage
Which part of the GI tract contains highly acidic digestive juices?
Antworten
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Colon
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Ileum
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Stomach
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Duodenum
Frage 30
Frage
A nutrient needed by the body and that must be supplied by foods is termed a(n)
Antworten
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neutraceutical
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metabolic unit.
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organic nutrient.
-
essential nutrient.
Frage 31
Frage
Bile is known to assist in the absorption of
Antworten
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fat only.
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all nutrients.
-
carbohydrate and fat only.
-
carbohydrate, fat, and protein only.
Frage 32
Frage
Which of the following is NOT among the consequences of making poor food choices?
Antworten
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Over the long term, they will reduce lifespan in some people
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They can promote heart disease and cancer over the long term
-
Over the long term, they will not affect lifespan in some people
-
When made over just a single day, they exert great harm to your health
Frage 33
Frage
Which of the following is an example of the difference between the chemical bonds in starch and those in cellulose?
Antworten
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Starch bonds are single
-
Starch bonds are fatty acids
-
Cellulose bonds release energy
-
Cellulose bonds are not hydrolyzed by human enzymes
Frage 34
Frage
Which of the following is a consequence of excess protein intake?
Antworten
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Decreased excretion of calcium
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Decreased size of the liver and kidneys
-
Increased production and excretion of urea
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Increased protein storage by the liver and kidneys
Frage 35
Frage
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient?
Antworten
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Lecithin
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Cholesterol
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Stearic acid
-
Linoleic acid
Frage 36
Frage
Which of the following is known as blood sugar or dextrose?
Antworten
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Glucose
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Maltose
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Sucrose
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Fructose
Frage 37
Frage
If the diet is lacking an essential amino acid, what will be the course of action?
Antworten
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Body cells will synthesize it
-
Protein synthesis will be limited
-
Health will not be affected as long as other nutrients are adequate
-
Proteins will be made but they will lack that particular amino acid
Frage 38
Frage
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
Antworten
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Corn
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Olives
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Roasted turkey
-
Roasted peanuts
Frage 39
Frage
After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?
Antworten
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Free amino acids only
-
Free amino acids and oligopeptides
-
Free amino acids and dipeptides only
-
Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides
Frage 40
Frage
What term is specific to reactions in which simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules?
Antworten
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Anabolic
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Catabolic
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Ergogenic
-
Gluconeogenic
Frage 41
Frage
In which of the following are ample amounts of carbohydrates almost always found?
Antworten
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Plant foods
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Health foods
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Animal products
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Protein-rich foods
Frage 42
Frage
What type of nutrient is starch?
Antworten
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Fiber
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Gluten
-
Simple carbohydrate
-
Complex carbohydrate
Frage 43
Frage
The hepatic portal vein empties into the
Antworten
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liver
-
heart
-
pancreas
-
hepatic vein.
Frage 44
Frage
Nutrients are chemicals obtained from food and used by the body to provide energy.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 45
Frage
Which of the following describes the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract?
Antworten
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A vat-like vessel
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A rigid, solid tunnel
-
A flexible muscular tube
-
A firm, duct-like channel
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