Study Guide: Acid-Base Balance

The most acidic body substance of the following is

Which of the following is an acid-forming food?

Which of the following is a base-forming food?

An acid-forming element is

Acidic ketone bodies are associated with cellular metabolism of:

Citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruit, have a significant effect on acid-base balance

A vegetarian diet would tend to produce an alkaline state in body fluids

Potassium salts of hemoglobin inside the red blood cell primarily buffer

A serious complication of vomiting is

The process of exchanging a bicarbonate ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion formed in the red blood cell with a chloride ion from the plasma is called chloride shift

Buffers control pH in a manner that requires no other mechanism of pH control to maintain homeostasis

The blood buffer system normally converts a strong acid to a weak acid

Bicarbonate loading by athletes has proven to be mildly successful in diminishing the muscle soreness and fatigue associated with strenuous exercise

Elevated CO2 levels result in increased formation of carbonic acid in red blood cells

All of the following would increase the respiration rate except

The kidney tubules secrete hydrogen ions in exchange of

A decrease in blood pH accelerates tubule excretion of:

Prolonged hyperventilation may increase blood pH enough to cause alkalosis

The more hydrogen ions secreted by the renal tubule, the fewer potassium ions secreted

Intravenous administration of normal saline is used for metabolic acidosis

Which of the following organs is/are considered the most effective regulator(s) of blood pH?

What is the pH of the blood

If the ratio of sodium bicarbonate to carbonate ions is lowered (perhaps 10 to 1) and blood pH is also lowered, what is the condition called?

If a person hyperventilates for a sufficient time period, which of the following will probably develop?

Normal saline is a therapy option for severe vomiting because this solution provides [blank_start]chloride[blank_end] ions, which replace bicarbonate ions that are responsible for the metabolic imbalance.

In the presence of a strong acid, which of the following is true?