Chapter 3

Beschreibung

Astronomy
Ryan Tram
Quiz von Ryan Tram, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
In 1054 CE, the Chinese recorded a very interesting and powerful cosmic event. What was this event?
Antworten
  • a star merger
  • a supernova
  • a galactic collapse
  • simultaneous solar and lunar eclipses

Frage 2

Frage
What did Eratosthenes measure very accurately?
Antworten
  • the size of the Earth
  • the length of the year
  • the distance to the Moon
  • the length of the month

Frage 3

Frage
Who were the two great authorities of Greek astronomy?
Antworten
  • Aristotle and Ptolemy
  • Julius Caesar and Aristotle
  • Columbus and Ptolemy
  • Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar

Frage 4

Frage
Whose writings became so famous that he was known throughout the Middle East simply as “The Philosopher”?
Antworten
  • Ptolemy
  • Eratosthenes
  • Aristotle
  • Hipparchus

Frage 5

Frage
Which of the following statements reflects beliefs that were almost universally held in pre-Copernican astronomy?
Antworten
  • The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Earth
  • The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Sun
  • The Sun was at the centre of the universe
  • The Earth was at the centre of the universe

Frage 6

Frage
In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Antworten
  • It is observable for planets located between the Earth and the Sun
  • It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than the Earth
  • It is only observable for the Moon
  • It is observable for all planets

Frage 7

Frage
You are observing the night sky from Mars. In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Antworten
  • It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than Mars
  • It is observable for planets located between Mars and the Sun
  • It is only observable for Earth and Venus
  • It is observable for all planets

Frage 8

Frage
What is the term for the apparent westward motion of a planet in the sky compared to the background stars (as viewed from the Earth) when observed on successive nights?
Antworten
  • epicycle
  • retrograde motion
  • prograde motion
  • heliocentric motion

Frage 9

Frage
What is parallax?
Antworten
  • the apparent motion of an object due to the motion of the observer
  • the distance between two straight lines
  • the small circle that the planets slid along in Ptolemy’s geocentric universe
  • the distance between two foci of an ellipse

Frage 10

Frage
Why did ancient astronomers believe that the Earth did not move?
Antworten
  • because they could not detect parallax
  • because they believed in circular motion
  • because all observable planets follow retrograde motion
  • because parallax is only detectable during the day

Frage 11

Frage
In Ptolemy’s view of the universe, what is at the centre of a planet’s epicycle?
Antworten
  • the Sun
  • the Earth
  • the deferent
  • the equant

Frage 12

Frage
Which of the following astronomers described the universe in a way that matches the diagram?
Antworten
  • Kepler
  • Ptolemy
  • Copernicus
  • Galileo

Frage 13

Frage
What was the greatest inaccuracy in Copernicus’s model of the solar system?
Antworten
  • that the planets travelled in circular orbits with uniform motion
  • that the planets travelled on epicycles, the centers of which followed orbits around the Sun
  • that the planets travelled in elliptical orbits
  • that the planets were allowed to travel backwards in their orbits

Frage 14

Frage
Which of the following objects cannot transit (i.e. pass in front of) the Sun, as seen from Jupiter?
Antworten
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Mars
  • Saturn

Frage 15

Frage
What was Tycho Brahe’s greatest contribution to astronomy?
Antworten
  • his model of the universe
  • his telescopic observations
  • his discovery of three laws of motion
  • his 20 years of careful observations of the planets

Frage 16

Frage
What two numbers tell us the size and shape of an ellipse
Antworten
  • radius, eccentricity
  • radius, deferent
  • semi-major axis, deferent
  • semi-major axis, eccentricity

Frage 17

Frage
The orbit of planet A has an eccentricity of 0.5 and the orbit of planet B has an eccentricity of 0.01. What can be said about the shape of the orbits of these two planets?
Antworten
  • Planet A has a nearly circular orbit
  • The orbit of planet A is more elongated than the orbit of planet B
  • The orbit of planet B is more elongated than the orbit of planet A
  • There is not enough information to say anything meaningful about the shape of either orbit

Frage 18

Frage
Which of the following masses exert higher gravitational force on each other?
Antworten
  • M=2------------------m=2
  • M=2------------------m=1
  • M=2------------------m=8

Frage 19

Frage
Which of the following masses exert smaller gravitational force on each other?
Antworten
  • M=2------------------m=2
  • M=2------------------m=1
  • M=2------------------m=8

Frage 20

Frage
Which of the following masses exerts the largest gravitational force on mass M?
Antworten
  • Blue and Gray
  • Gray and Green
  • Gray and Red
  • Gray and Yellow

Frage 21

Frage
A hypothetical solar system has planets evenly spaced in circular orbits from the sun in the following distances and with the following masses, that they are given in terms with the mass of Jupiter MJ. Which of the following planets exerts the larger gravitational force of the star.
Antworten
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Frage 22

Frage
Given its orbital period of 76 years, what is the average distance of Comet Halley from the Sun?
Antworten
  • 18 AU
  • 38 AU
  • 54 AU
  • 114 AU

Frage 23

Frage
An object has been located orbiting the Sun at a distance of 65 AU. What is the approximate orbital period of this object?
Antworten
  • 8.1 years
  • 65 years
  • 524 years
  • 4225 years

Frage 24

Frage
On average, Saturn is 10 AU from the Sun. What is the approximate orbital period of Saturn?
Antworten
  • 10 years
  • 32 years
  • 1000 years
  • 3200 years

Frage 25

Frage
The orbit of the planet Jupiter is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Antworten
  • the Earth
  • the asteroid belt
  • Saturn
  • nothing

Frage 26

Frage
The orbit of the Moon is an ellipse with the Earth at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Antworten
  • nothing
  • the asteroid belt
  • comets
  • the Sun

Frage 27

Frage
A comet is found in a highly elliptical orbit with a semi-major axis equal to one astronomical unit (AU). According to Kepler’s third law of planetary motion, what would the sidereal period of this comet be?
Antworten
  • It would be more than one year.
  • It would be one year.
  • It would be less than one year.
  • It would be 76 years; the same for every comet.

Frage 28

Frage
At perihelion the gravitational force of the sun exerted on the Earth is the following equation. What is the force exerted on the sun by the Earth?
Antworten
  • Larger
  • The same
  • Smaller

Frage 29

Frage
At which position (A, B, C) is the gravitational force of the Earth on the spaceship (green capsule) going to the Moon is the greatest?
Antworten
  • A
  • B
  • C

Frage 30

Frage
An object moves in a straight line at a constant speed. Which number of forces could not act on the object?
Antworten
  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4

Frage 31

Frage
What does the orbital velocity of an object with respect to the distance does?
Antworten
  • Stays the same
  • Deceases
  • Inceases

Frage 32

Frage
Would your mass and weight change if you went to the Moon?
Antworten
  • Weight would change but mass would not
  • Mass would change but weight would not
  • Both would change
  • Neither would change

Frage 33

Frage
At which lunar phase(s) are tides at their lowest?
Antworten
  • both new Moon and first quarter Moon
  • both first quarter Moon and third quarter Moon
  • new Moon
  • full Moon

Frage 34

Frage
If Mars rises approximately the same time as a particular star. If Mars is in normal prograde motion at what time Mars will rise next night?
Antworten
  • Same time as the star
  • Earlier than the star
  • Later than the star

Frage 35

Frage
A planet orbits a planet in a circular orbit. How many forces are acting on the planet?
Antworten
  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
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