Frage 1
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In 1054 CE, the Chinese recorded a very interesting and powerful cosmic event. What was this event?
Frage 2
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What did Eratosthenes measure very accurately?
Antworten
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the size of the Earth
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the length of the year
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the distance to the Moon
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the length of the month
Frage 3
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Who were the two great authorities of Greek astronomy?
Frage 4
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Whose writings became so famous that he was known throughout the Middle East simply as “The Philosopher”?
Antworten
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Ptolemy
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Eratosthenes
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Aristotle
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Hipparchus
Frage 5
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Which of the following statements reflects beliefs that were almost universally held in pre-Copernican astronomy?
Antworten
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The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Earth
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The planets travelled in elliptical orbits around the Sun
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The Sun was at the centre of the universe
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The Earth was at the centre of the universe
Frage 6
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In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Antworten
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It is observable for planets located between the Earth and the Sun
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It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than the Earth
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It is only observable for the Moon
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It is observable for all planets
Frage 7
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You are observing the night sky from Mars. In what circumstances is retrograde motion observable?
Antworten
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It is observable for planets more distant from the Sun than Mars
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It is observable for planets located between Mars and the Sun
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It is only observable for Earth and Venus
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It is observable for all planets
Frage 8
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What is the term for the apparent westward motion of a planet in the sky compared to the background stars (as viewed from the Earth) when observed on successive nights?
Antworten
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epicycle
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retrograde motion
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prograde motion
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heliocentric motion
Frage 9
Antworten
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the apparent motion of an object due to the motion of the observer
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the distance between two straight lines
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the small circle that the planets slid along in Ptolemy’s geocentric universe
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the distance between two foci of an ellipse
Frage 10
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Why did ancient astronomers believe that the Earth did not move?
Antworten
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because they could not detect parallax
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because they believed in circular motion
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because all observable planets follow retrograde motion
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because parallax is only detectable during the day
Frage 11
Frage
In Ptolemy’s view of the universe, what is at the centre of a planet’s epicycle?
Antworten
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the Sun
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the Earth
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the deferent
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the equant
Frage 12
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Which of the following astronomers described the universe in a way that matches the diagram?
Antworten
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Kepler
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Ptolemy
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Copernicus
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Galileo
Frage 13
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What was the greatest inaccuracy in Copernicus’s model of the solar system?
Antworten
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that the planets travelled in circular orbits with uniform motion
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that the planets travelled on epicycles, the centers of which followed orbits around the Sun
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that the planets travelled in elliptical orbits
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that the planets were allowed to travel backwards in their orbits
Frage 14
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Which of the following objects cannot transit (i.e. pass in front of) the Sun, as seen from Jupiter?
Antworten
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Mercury
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Venus
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Mars
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Saturn
Frage 15
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What was Tycho Brahe’s greatest contribution to astronomy?
Antworten
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his model of the universe
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his telescopic observations
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his discovery of three laws of motion
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his 20 years of careful observations of the planets
Frage 16
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What two numbers tell us the size and shape of an ellipse
Antworten
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radius, eccentricity
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radius, deferent
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semi-major axis, deferent
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semi-major axis, eccentricity
Frage 17
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The orbit of planet A has an eccentricity of 0.5 and the orbit of planet B has an eccentricity of 0.01. What can be said about the shape of the orbits of these two planets?
Antworten
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Planet A has a nearly circular orbit
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The orbit of planet A is more elongated than the orbit of planet B
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The orbit of planet B is more elongated than the orbit of planet A
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There is not enough information to say anything meaningful about the shape of either orbit
Frage 18
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Which of the following masses exert higher gravitational force on each other?
Antworten
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M=2------------------m=2
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M=2------------------m=1
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M=2------------------m=8
Frage 19
Frage
Which of the following masses exert smaller gravitational force on each other?
Antworten
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M=2------------------m=2
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M=2------------------m=1
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M=2------------------m=8
Frage 20
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Which of the following masses exerts the largest gravitational force on mass M?
Antworten
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Blue and Gray
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Gray and Green
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Gray and Red
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Gray and Yellow
Frage 21
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A hypothetical solar system has planets evenly spaced in circular orbits from the sun in the following distances and with the following masses, that they are given in terms with the mass of Jupiter MJ. Which of the following planets exerts the larger gravitational force of the star.
Frage 22
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Given its orbital period of 76 years, what is the average distance of Comet Halley from the Sun?
Frage 23
Frage
An object has been located orbiting the Sun at a distance of 65 AU. What is the approximate orbital period of this object?
Antworten
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8.1 years
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65 years
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524 years
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4225 years
Frage 24
Frage
On average, Saturn is 10 AU from the Sun. What is the approximate orbital period of Saturn?
Antworten
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10 years
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32 years
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1000 years
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3200 years
Frage 25
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The orbit of the planet Jupiter is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Antworten
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the Earth
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the asteroid belt
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Saturn
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nothing
Frage 26
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The orbit of the Moon is an ellipse with the Earth at one focus. What is located at the other focus?
Antworten
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nothing
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the asteroid belt
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comets
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the Sun
Frage 27
Frage
A comet is found in a highly elliptical orbit with a semi-major axis equal to one astronomical unit (AU). According to Kepler’s third law of planetary motion, what would the sidereal period of this comet be?
Antworten
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It would be more than one year.
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It would be one year.
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It would be less than one year.
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It would be 76 years; the same for every comet.
Frage 28
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At perihelion the gravitational force of the sun exerted on the Earth is the following equation. What is the force exerted on the sun by the Earth?
Frage 29
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At which position (A, B, C) is the gravitational force of the Earth on the spaceship (green capsule) going to the Moon is the greatest?
Frage 30
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An object moves in a straight line at a constant speed. Which number of forces could not act on the object?
Frage 31
Frage
What does the orbital velocity of an object with respect to the distance does?
Antworten
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Stays the same
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Deceases
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Inceases
Frage 32
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Would your mass and weight change if you went to the Moon?
Frage 33
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At which lunar phase(s) are tides at their lowest?
Frage 34
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If Mars rises approximately the same time as a particular star. If Mars is in normal prograde motion at what time Mars will rise next night?
Antworten
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Same time as the star
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Earlier than the star
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Later than the star
Frage 35
Frage
A planet orbits a planet in a circular orbit. How many forces are acting on the planet?