Zusammenfassung der Ressource
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The process of learning does not involve any chemical changes in our brains
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[blank_start]Habituation –[blank_end] the process by which we respond less strongly over time to repeated stimuli and which is studied by sweat as an indicator of our anxiety
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Extinction is a passive process in which the CR is inhibited and instead the absence of a specific behavior emerges
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spontaneous recovery is:
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Related to acquisition
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Occurs when we extinguish a response in a setting that is different from the one in which an animal acquired it. However, when the animal returns to the original setting, the response reappears.
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A result of phobias
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When a previously extinct conditioned response reappears
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Pavlov and other Psychologists have demonstrated that classical conditioning occurs in which three stages?
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acquisition, extinction and spontaneous recovery
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extinction, stimulus generalization, higher order conditioning
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acquisition, higher order conditioning and spontaneous recovery
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latent inhibition is when we have experienced a CS alone many times and thus it is difficult to classically condition it to another stimulus.
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Operant conditioning:
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is elicited automatically, reward is contingent on behavior, and behavior depends on voluntary motor behavior (skeletal muscles)
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is emitted voluntarily, reward is contingent on behavior, and behavior depends on voluntary motor behavior (skeletal muscles)
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is elicited voluntarily, reward is provided unconditionally, and behavior depends on autonomic nervous system
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The law of effect was put forth by ____ and proposes that____
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Skinner; cats are able to escape a puzzle box through their insight – by understanding the link between the S-R (stimulus - response).
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Pavlov; punishment is a relatively ineffective mode of changing behavior
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Thorndike; learning occurs through trial and error from learned associations between a stimulus (S) and response (R). If rewarded for a response to a stimulus, we are more likely to repeat that response in the future – it’s stamped in.