Study Guide

By observing bacterial transformation, Avery and other scientists discovered that the nucleic acid DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of bacteria to the next.

Hershey and Chase's experiment with bacteriophages confirmed Avery's results, convincing many scientists that DNA was the genetic material found in genes-not just in viruses and bacteria, but in all living cells.

The DNA that makes up genes must be capable of storing, copying, and transforming the genetic information in a cell.

DNA is a nucleic acid made up of amino acids joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds

The clues in Franklin's X-ray pattern enabled Watson and Crick to build a model that explained the specific structure and properties of DNA.

The double-helix model explains Chargaff's rule of base pairing and how the two strands of DNA are held together.

DNA poly merase is an enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA.

Replication in most prokaryotic cells starts from a single point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied.

In prokaryotic cells, replication may begin at dozens or even hundreds of places on the DNA molecule, proceeding in both directions until each chromosome is completely copied.

The process by which one strain of bacterium is changed into another strain is called

Bacteriophages are

Which of the following researchers used radioactive markers in experiments to show that DNA was the genetic material in cells?

Before DNA could definitively be shown to be the genetic material in cells, scientists had to show that it could

A nucleotide does NOT contain

According to Chargaff's rule of base pairing, which of the following is true about DNA?

The bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together come from

In Prokaryotes, DNA molecules are located in the

In eukaryotes, nearly all the DNA is found in the

The main enzyme involved in linking individual nucleotides into DNA molecules is

During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence TATGA?

The scientist(s) responsible for the discovery of bacterial transformation is (are)

Which of the following does NOT describe the structure of DNA?

What did Hershey and Chase's work show?