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Exam 1

Beschreibung

Chapters 1 & 2
Yuliya Klyashtof
Quiz von Yuliya Klyashtof, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Yuliya Klyashtof
Erstellt von Yuliya Klyashtof vor etwa 10 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Biology is ______________________.
Antworten
  • Mostly a collection of facts that can be ordered and memorized
  • the study of living things
  • a separate branch of science from the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment
  • Both a) and b) are true

Frage 2

Frage
A buffer is a chemical that:
Antworten
  • can quickly absorb H+ ions to keep a solution from becoming too acidic
  • can quickly release H+ ions to counteract any increases in the OH- concentration in a solution
  • Is identical to baking soda
  • restore the pH of a solution to 7.0
  • a) and b) are both true

Frage 3

Frage
Pure water and aqueous solutions that are neither acidic nor basic are said to be:
Antworten
  • Buffers
  • Neutral
  • Translucent
  • Transparent
  • Alkaline

Frage 4

Frage
The nucleus of an atom is usually made up of:
Antworten
  • protons, neutrons, and proteins that hold them together
  • Protons, which have positive electrical charge, and proteins, which hold them together
  • neutrons, which have no electrical charge
  • protons, that which a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no electrical charge

Frage 5

Frage
A solution's acidity is:
Antworten
  • a measure of its negative charge (the stronger the negative charge, the more acidic the substance)
  • a measure of the number of nucleotide bases in the solution
  • a measure of the amount of buffer molecules in the solution
  • a measure of the number of all dissolved molecules in a solution
  • a measure of the H+ (free floating protons) in it

Frage 6

Frage
The pH of a fluid is a measure of:
Antworten
  • its capacity to function as a soap
  • how acidic or basic it is
  • the amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in it
  • its enzymatic stability
  • the concentration of phosphate groups

Frage 7

Frage
Multiple atoms linked together are collectively called:
Antworten
  • a molecule
  • an element
  • a reactant
  • a substance
  • an isotope

Frage 8

Frage
Helium is not a reactive molecule because:
Antworten
  • its first-level shell is full with two protons
  • its second-level shell is full with two electrons
  • its first-level shell is full with two neutrons
  • its first-level shell is full with two electrons
  • Helium is a reactive molecule

Frage 9

Frage
Which of the following molecules is NOT formed by covalent bonding?
Antworten
  • NaCl
  • H2
  • H2O
  • CH4
  • O2

Frage 10

Frage
All matter on earth, both living and nonliving, is made up of:
Antworten
  • carbohydrates
  • atoms
  • DNA
  • cells
  • phospholipids

Frage 11

Frage
There are three principal types of bonds that hold multiple atoms together.
Antworten
  • hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and glycosidic linkages
  • covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrogen bonds
  • covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bonds
  • ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and ester bonds
  • phosphate bonds, disulfide bonds, and hydrogen bonds

Frage 12

Frage
Water molecules form which type of bond with other water molecules?
Antworten
  • disulfide bridges
  • ionic bonds
  • hydrogen bonds
  • covalent bonds
  • Van der waals bonds

Frage 13

Frage
An atom can be changed into an ion by adding or removing:
Antworten
  • a neutron
  • an orbital shell
  • an electron
  • a proton
  • an isotope

Frage 14

Frage
______________________ is the smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance
Antworten
  • an atom
  • a proton
  • a molecule
  • an amino acid
  • a cell

Frage 15

Frage
which five chemical elements make up 93-97% of the biomass in plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria?
Antworten
  • carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, potassium, nitrogen
  • carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen
  • carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous
  • carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorous
  • carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, potassium

Frage 16

Frage
The number of protons in an element, also called its _____________, identifies the element.
Antworten
  • nucleus
  • atomic number
  • ion
  • charge
  • atomic weight

Frage 17

Frage
Biology is to science as _______________ is to ____________________.
Antworten
  • college baseball; professional baseball
  • basketball; sports
  • American soccer; European football
  • baseball; tennis
  • the home team; the visiting team

Frage 18

Frage
An element:
Antworten
  • is a substance that cannot be broken down chemically into any other substance
  • is an atom that has lost a proton or an electron
  • must occur naturally on earth somewhere
  • is a component of an atom
  • All of the above are true

Frage 19

Frage
All of the following are elements of biological literacy EXCEPT:
Antworten
  • the ability to communicate with others about issues having a biological component
  • the ability to use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues having a biological component
  • the ability to integrate thoughts about issues having a biological component into your decision-making
  • the ability to write clearly and precisely about your observations, data gathering. and conclusions
  • all of the above are elements of biological literacy

Frage 20

Frage
Biological literacy is the ability to:
Antworten
  • use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues that have a biological component
  • communicate ideas about biology to others
  • integrate ideas about biology into your decision making
  • all of the above are components of biological literacy
  • only b) and c) are components of biological literacy

Frage 21

Frage
Thinking scientifically relies on which of the following?
Antworten
  • objective observation and experimentation
  • learning a list of facts
  • intuition
  • applying your preconceptions
  • statements from authorities

Frage 22

Frage
Which of the following terms and phrases best describes the application of scientific purposes?
Antworten
  • deduction
  • technology
  • junk science
  • statistics
  • pseudoscience

Frage 23

Frage
Statistical methods make it possible to:
Antworten
  • unambiguously learn the truth
  • choose the best answer to value-based questions
  • test non-falsifiable hypotheses
  • determine how likely it is that certain results may have occurred by chance
  • reject any hypothesis

Frage 24

Frage
The scientific method will never prove or disprove:
Antworten
  • the existence of God
  • the beauty of Shakespeare's sonnets
  • the ability of echinacea to prevent the common cold
  • all of the above are examples of statements that the scientific method will never prove or disprove
  • only a) and b) are examples of statements that the scientific method will never prove or disprove

Frage 25

Frage
Scientific data:
Antworten
  • must be collected in laboratories
  • cannot be collected in a completely unbiased way
  • are used to support or refute a hypothesis
  • are always true
  • all of the above are true

Frage 26

Frage
A scientific theory is one that:
Antworten
  • is supported by many years of experimentation all supporting the hypothesis
  • is based on hunches with no actual supporting evidence
  • sounds the most plausible
  • is the result of all scientific experiments
  • changes each time a different observation is made

Frage 27

Frage
Despite all of the intellectual analyses the scientific method gives rise to and objective conclusions it makes possible, it CANNOT:
Antworten
  • affect one's opinions about social issues
  • generate new hypothesis
  • reject false claims
  • aid in technical advances
  • generate moral statements

Frage 28

Frage
Carbohydrates:
Antworten
  • act as a relatively quick available source of fuel
  • serve as carbon skeletons that can be rearranged to form other molecules that are essential for biological structures and functions like nucleic acids
  • in the form of oligosaccharides are often covalently bonded to proteins and lipids on the outer cell surface, where they serve as cell recognition signals
  • are a good source of sustained energy when they come in the form of polysaccharides
  • all of the above

Frage 29

Frage
The figure represents which class of chemical compounds?
Antworten
  • fats
  • acids
  • sterols
  • carbohydrates
  • proteins

Frage 30

Frage
The secondary structure of a protein refers to:
Antworten
  • the linear assembly of amino acids into a chain
  • the way two or more polypeptides bind to each other
  • the twisting of the amino acids chain into a corkscrew - like shape or into a zigzag folding pattern
  • the configuration of the folded protein when bounded to other proteins
  • none of the above is correct

Frage 31

Frage
Organic molecules consisting of only hydrogen and carbon are called:
Antworten
  • carbohydrates
  • enantiomers
  • hydrocarbons
  • fats
  • hydroxyls

Frage 32

Frage
An unsaturated fatty acid in one in which:
Antworten
  • carbon-carbon double bonds are present in the hydrocarbon chain
  • not all of the carbons in the hydrocarbon chain are bonded to hydrogen atoms
  • there is an odd number of subunits in the hydrocarbon chain
  • there is an even number of subunits in the hydrocarbon chain
  • carbon-carbon double bounds are not present i the hydrocarbon chain

Frage 33

Frage
Glycogen belongs in the class of molecules known as:
Antworten
  • amino acids
  • monosaccharides
  • proteins
  • polysaccharides
  • nucleic acids

Frage 34

Frage
Phospholipids assemble spontaneously into bilayers driven by the attraction of their "tail" portions to each other and of their "head" portions to each other. The tail regions are:
Antworten
  • hydrophilic
  • cohesive
  • hydrophobic
  • molecularly charged
  • adhesive

Frage 35

Frage
If your hypothesis is rejected then,
Antworten
  • you may still have learned something important about the system you were testing
  • you should change the level of statistical significance until your hypothesis is accepted
  • your experiment was poorly designed
  • your experiment was a success
  • your experiment was a failure

Frage 36

Frage
On food packages, "insoluble fiber" refers to plant material that we can't fully digest but is important for maintaining a healthy digestive tract. This substance refers to a(n):
Antworten
  • amino acid
  • carbohydrate
  • protein
  • lipid
  • nucleic acid

Frage 37

Frage
When conducting a scientific experiment, which of the following is tested?
Antworten
  • a prediction
  • a result
  • a theory
  • a question
  • an observation

Frage 38

Frage
Phenylketonuria is an inherited disorder. Affected individuals have a defective enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase. The substance these individuals cannot break down is a(n)
Antworten
  • protein
  • carbohydrate
  • nucleic acid
  • lipid
  • amino acid

Frage 39

Frage
Lactose is a combination of:
Antworten
  • glucose and ribose
  • sucrose and fructose
  • glucose and galactose
  • glucose and maltose
  • glucose and fructose

Frage 40

Frage
A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and _________________________, all linked together by covalent bonds.
Antworten
  • a triglyceride
  • a polypeptide
  • a phosphorus-containing base
  • a potassium-containing base
  • a nitrogen-containing base

Frage 41

Frage
DNA is made of:
Antworten
  • nucleotides
  • four interconnected carbon rings
  • amino acids
  • glucose molecules
  • fatty acids

Frage 42

Frage
Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?
Antworten
  • enzymes are permanently changed when they take place in a chemical reaction
  • enzymes are proteins
  • enzymes speed up chemical reaction
  • enzymes often induce shape changes in the molecules to which they bind
  • enzymes help initiate chemical reations

Frage 43

Frage
One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA is replaced by a different base in RNA. Which base is it, and what is it replaced by?
Antworten
  • cytosine, replaced by guanine
  • guanine, replaced by cytosine
  • thymine, replaced by guanine
  • thymine, replaced by uracil
  • adenine, replaced by uracil

Frage 44

Frage
Enzymes:
Antworten
  • catalyze reactions that release energy, but not those that consume energy
  • sometimes increase the amount of energy necessary to initiate a reaction
  • reduce the energy released by a reaction by one of four different mechanisms
  • are always consumed by catalyzing a reaction
  • increase the rate at which a reaction occurs

Frage 45

Frage
Which of the following nucleotide bases are present in equal amounts in DNA?
Antworten
  • thymine and cytosine
  • adenine and guanine
  • adenine and cytosine
  • thymine and guanine
  • adenine and thymine

Frage 46

Frage
Which type of macromolecules is an informational molecule?
Antworten
  • DNA
  • fatty acid
  • protein
  • polysaccharide
  • monosaccharide

Frage 47

Frage
An amino acid is to a polypeptide as:
Antworten
  • testosterone is to a steroid hormone
  • a nucleotide is to a nucleic acid
  • triglycerides are to fats
  • a phospholipid is to a plasma membrane
  • glycogen is to glucose

Frage 48

Frage
Scientific study always begins with:
Antworten
  • hypotheses
  • experiments
  • conclusions
  • predictions
  • observations

Frage 49

Frage
In a well-designed experiment:
Antworten
  • the prediction will be highly probable if the explanation is true
  • the prediction will be highly improbable if the explanation is not true
  • the null hypothesis will not be tested
  • the prediction will most likely be true
  • a) and b) are both correct
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