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Developmental Quiz

Beschreibung

Quiz am Developmental Quiz, erstellt von Benjamin Maier am 15/05/2017.
Benjamin Maier
Quiz von Benjamin Maier, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Benjamin Maier
Erstellt von Benjamin Maier vor mehr als 7 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Before learning about Piaget's theory, you understood the terms "assimilation" and "accommodation" as they are used in conversation. After learning about Piaget's theory, you understood these terms as processes of intellectual development. This new understanding is most specifically known as
Antworten
  • organisation
  • assimilation
  • accommodation
  • epistemology

Frage 2

Frage
A most basic assumption of Piaget's theory is that children progress through developmental stages _________ .
Antworten
  • in an invariant sequence
  • at specific ages
  • dependent upon their sociocultural experiences
  • as they acquire increasingly complex understandings of imitation

Frage 3

Frage
Developmental research has confirmed the basic sequence of development that Piaget proposed for the sensorimotor period, but some of the milestones are reached earlier than he proposed, including all of the following except
Antworten
  • A-not-B errors
  • deferred imitation
  • primary circular reactions
  • object permanence

Frage 4

Frage
Which of the following competencies is acquired in Piaget's preoperational stage?
Antworten
  • symbolic function
  • decentration
  • reversibility
  • transitivity

Frage 5

Frage
Piaget notes that children's cognitive competencies were often uneven, with children being unable to solve certain problems even though they could solve similar problems requiring the same mental operations. He referred to this phenomenon as
Antworten
  • genetic epistemology
  • decentration of operations
  • mental seriation
  • horizontal decalage

Frage 6

Frage
Tamara is beginning to use hypothetico-deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning in her thinking. She is becoming quite idealistic in her thinking about world politics and even her parents' behaviour. In addition, she imagines that other people are as interested in her thoughts and behaviours as she is. Tamara is most likely in the _________ stage of development.
Antworten
  • sensorimotor
  • preoperational
  • concrete-operational
  • formal-operational

Frage 7

Frage
Developmental psychologists critisise Piaget's cognitive developmental theory for all of the following reasons except
Antworten
  • the assumption that development occurs in stages
  • failing to adequately describe different stages of cognitive development
  • failing to specify how children progress from one stage of development to the next
  • understanding social and cultural influences on cognitive development

Frage 8

Frage
Vygotsky proposed that we should evaluate development from the perspective of four interrelated levels in interaction with children's environments. These four levels include all of the following except
Antworten
  • microgenetic
  • ontogenetic
  • phylogenetic
  • sociogenetic

Frage 9

Frage
Text messaging to communicate using cell phones is so common in today's generation of teenagers and young adults that it has become what Vygotsky would call a
Antworten
  • zone of proximal development
  • tool of intellectual adaptation
  • scaffold
  • guide of participation

Frage 10

Frage
________ argued that children's self-talk was a form of egocentric speech. ________ argued that children's self-talk was a cognitive self-guidance system that regulates problem-solving activities.
Antworten
  • Piaget; Vygotsky
  • Piaget; Piaget
  • Vygotsky; Piaget
  • Vygotsky; Vygotsky

Frage 11

Frage
Which of the following emotions is not present at birth?
Antworten
  • interest
  • disgust
  • contentment
  • embarrassment

Frage 12

Frage
Children must achieve the cognitive abilities of self-recognition and self-evaluation in order to experience which of the following emotions?
Antworten
  • contentment
  • disgust
  • embarrassment
  • interest

Frage 13

Frage
Each culture has _______ that specify for children of each gender the appropriate intensity of emotion and the appropriate valence (positive or negative) of emotion that is acceptable in that culture.
Antworten
  • emotional regulation rules
  • emotional display rules
  • social referencing rules
  • socialisation rules

Frage 14

Frage
A person's tendency to respond in predictable ways to environmental events is known as
Antworten
  • emotional regulation
  • emotional display
  • temperament
  • socialisation

Frage 15

Frage
When there is a poor goodness-of-fit between parenting behaviours and temperamental attributes, ________ children may experience adjustment problems.
Antworten
  • slow-to-warm-up
  • easy
  • behaviourally inhibited
  • sociable

Frage 16

Frage
After the _________, infants use their attachment object as a secure base for exploration.
Antworten
  • asocial phase of attachments
  • phase of indiscriminate attachments
  • phase of specific attachments
  • phase of multiple attachments

Frage 17

Frage
Which theory of attachment is currently considered the predominately accepted theory by developmental psychologists?
Antworten
  • psychoanalytic
  • learning
  • cognitive developmental
  • ethological

Frage 18

Frage
Which developmental milestone is generally thought to be necessary before an infant will display separation anxiety?
Antworten
  • entering the asocial phase of attachments
  • using the attachment figure as a secure base for exploration
  • achieving object permanence
  • experiencing embarrassment or shame

Frage 19

Frage
Jamal is a 1-year-old toddler who is being tested in a university laboratory. He is guided through a series of episodes during which his mother and a stranger come and go from the room in which he is playing. Jamal is most likely being tested using the
Antworten
  • Strange Situation Test
  • Attachment Q-set Test
  • Attachment Classification Test
  • Secure Attachment Test

Frage 20

Frage
Infants may form ________ of themselves and of others, which are somewhat stable over time and influence their reactions to people and challenges for years to come.
Antworten
  • attachment classifications
  • temperamental classifications
  • Q-set models
  • internal working models

Frage 21

Frage
A psychologist studies ________. She is interested in how children learn the meanings of bound morphemes, free morphemes, and sentences.
Antworten
  • phonology
  • morphology
  • semantics
  • syntax

Frage 22

Frage
Tamina is preoccupied with pointing at things and asking what they are. She is a toddler who experiences
Antworten
  • the naming explosion
  • prelinguistic vocables
  • an overactive language acquisition device (LAD)
  • metalinguistic awareness

Frage 23

Frage
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the longitudinal research design?
Antworten
  • It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
  • It is subject to the cross-generational problem.
  • It violates the scientific method.
  • It may cause developmental delays and trauma to the participants

Frage 24

Frage
Which of the following is a disadvantage of the cross-sectional research design?
Antworten
  • It does not evaluate individual differences in development.
  • It is subject to the cross-gender problem.
  • It violates the scientific method.
  • It may cause developmental changes that would not occur naturally and which may not be long-lasting.

Frage 25

Frage
Match with the correct answer.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.07.48 (image/png)
Antworten
  • from 3rd to 8th prenatal week
  • major organ systems begin to function
  • lasting from conception to implantation

Frage 26

Frage
A severe form of depression suffered by about 10% of new mothers leaves these women feeling like they don't want their babies, perceiving their babies to be "difficult", and not interacting with their babies. These feelings can last for months. This form of depression is known as
Antworten
  • maternity depression
  • maternity blues
  • postpartum depression
  • post-birth depression

Frage 27

Frage
Oxygen deprivation at birth is called
Antworten
  • breech delivery
  • anoxia
  • oxygen depletion
  • umbilical cord abnormality

Frage 28

Frage
Match with the correct answer.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.21.13 (image/png)
Antworten
  • a father's initial emotional response
  • a mother's initial emotional response

Frage 29

Frage
________ are external agents such as viruses, drugs, chemicals, and radiation that can harm a developing embryo or fetus.
Antworten
  • Fetal programs
  • PCBs
  • Teratogens
  • Toxoplasmoses

Frage 30

Frage
A period during which an organism is quite susceptible to certain environmental influences is known as ________ . Outside this period, the same environmental influences must be much stronger to produce comparable effects.
Antworten
  • sensitive period
  • teratogen period
  • differentiation period
  • danger period

Frage 31

Frage
The most critical period in prenatal development for potential damage to the developing organism from teratogens is the period of the
Antworten
  • blastocyst
  • zygote
  • fetus
  • embryo

Frage 32

Frage
According to Piaget, accommodation refers to
Antworten
  • the modification or distortion of new information in order to incorporate it into current schemes
  • the fact that every structure has its genesis in previous structures
  • the tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems of structures
  • the changing of a current scheme in order to incorporate new information

Frage 33

Frage
According to Piaget, cognitive equilibration refer to the
Antworten
  • tendency to integrate structures into higher-order systems or structures
  • individual seeking to stabilise his or her cognitive structures
  • tendency to modify structures in order to incorporate new information into existing structures
  • fact that every structure has its genesis (i.e., its origins) in earlier structures

Frage 34

Frage
Match the concepts with their definitions after Piaget.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 18.43.17 (image/png)
Antworten
  • Intelligence
  • Cognitive Equilibration
  • Assimilation
  • Constructivist
  • Schemes
  • Organisation

Frage 35

Frage
The first major period in Piaget's stage theory is the sensorimotor stage, which lasts from birth to approximately 2 years of age. Accordingly to Piaget, children at this stage
Antworten
  • are not able to comprehend the world yet, and must rely on others to do their thinking for them
  • are able to think logically and comprehend their environment
  • are of little interest to experimental psychologists because they are unable to verbalise fluently
  • are able to comprehend the world around them through their actions on it

Frage 36

Frage
According to Piaget, imitation is the purest example of
Antworten
  • accommodation
  • assimilation
  • the coordination of both assimilation and coordination
  • abstract representation

Frage 37

Frage
Six-month-old Pedro is playing with his stuffed toy rabbit in his crib. He sets the rabbit down, and as he moves to reach his bottle, his blanket covers this toy. Pedro then turns to reach for his rabbit, but seeing only a bump in his blanket, he cries. According to Piaget, Pedro’s actions in this situation reflect a lack of
Antworten
  • object permanence
  • deferred imitation
  • primary circular reactions
  • assimilation

Frage 38

Frage
Piaget's concept of object permanence refers to the
Antworten
  • knowledge that objects have an existence in space and time independent of one's perceptions of and action on them
  • knowledge that an inanimate object (e.g., a ball) will remain in a given location when put there, although an animate object (e.g., a rabbit) may not
  • tendency for semantic knowledge of objects to remain permanently in long-term memory
  • ability to memorise the spatial location of permanent objects in the environment

Frage 39

Frage
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.04.36 (image/png)
Antworten
  • A-not-B error
  • primary circular reactions
  • invariant developmental sequence
  • cordination of 2ndary circular reactions
  • neo-nativism

Frage 40

Frage
Glen's mother has dark hair and is short; Glen thinks that all mothers have dark hair and are short. This is an example of
Antworten
  • conservation
  • disequilibrium
  • egocentrism
  • accommodation

Frage 41

Frage
The preoperational child is charaterised by
Antworten
  • introspective and abstract thinking
  • logical, concrete, and nonabstract thinking
  • symbolic, intuitive thinking
  • symbolic, intuitive, and egocentric thinking

Frage 42

Frage
A 5-year-old child suggests that John, who is 6 feet tall, must be older than his Aunt Mary, who is only 5 feet tall. This approach of interpreting age based solely on the height of an individual can be attributed to this child’s
Antworten
  • seeing events as specific states and ignoring transformations
  • egocentricity
  • inability to deal with a superordinate and subordinate concept simultaneously
  • perceptual centration

Frage 43

Frage
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.20.35 (image/png)
Antworten
  • representational insight
  • conservation
  • hypothetico-deductive reasoning
  • animism
  • horizontal décalage

Frage 44

Frage
Vygotsky discussed four perspectives of development that should be considered in any theory of intellectual development. Which one of the following is not one of the perspectives proposed by Vygotsky?
Antworten
  • microgenetic development
  • phylogenetic development
  • sociocultural development
  • prenatal development

Frage 45

Frage
Five-year-old Erin sits on the floor with her mother as they play a board game. Erin rolls a 2 and a 3 on the dice. She picks up her game piece, a small toy dog, moving it along the board as she says, “I move my doggie one, two . . . then I move my doggie one, two, three.” Erin’s behaviour reflects
Antworten
  • Piaget’s perspective, that private speech reflects the child’s egocentricity of thought and represents the child’s unsuccessful attempt at social speech
  • Piaget’s perspective, that private speech is a necessary precursor to social speech in that it serves as preparation (practice) for successful social communication
  • Vygotsky’s perspective, that private speech serves as a cognitive self-guidance system for young children
  • both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s perspectives, that private speech is presymbolic and serves only to initiate or inhibit overt motor actions and has no influence on cognition

Frage 46

Frage
Match the following concepts with their definitions.
Image:
Screen Shot 2017 05 15 At 19.31.29 (image/png)
Antworten
  • zone of proximal development
  • ontogenetic development
  • guided participation
  • microgenetic development
  • scaffolding
  • tools of intellectual adaption

Frage 47

Frage
A researcher reports that boys show more physical aggression than girls in free play. She is able to demonstrate consistency of results across time, situations, and observers. Therefore, her findings are:
Antworten
  • reliable
  • valid
  • proven
  • all of the above

Frage 48

Frage
A researcher uses looking preferences to assess categorisation abilities of babies who cannot yet speak. She is able to demonstrate that the measure she uses accurately reflects the variables that are under study. Therefore, her findings are:
Antworten
  • reliable
  • valid
  • proven
  • all of the above

Frage 49

Frage
A researcher measures children’s language development by administering questionnaires to parents. Possible problems?
Antworten
  • Parental questionnaires are never valid
  • Parental answers are seldom reliable
  • Parental answers are not suitable for assessment of children's verbal behaviour.
  • May be inferior to measuring the behaviour directly
  • All of the above

Frage 50

Frage
A researcher measures children’s cognitive development by asking questions about a hypothetical situation. Possible problems?
Antworten
  • Children may know something but be unable to explain it.
  • Different children may get different prompts, depending on their previous answers.
  • Experimenter may be biased in interpreting the answers.
  • May be interior to measuring the behaviour directly.
  • All of the above.

Frage 51

Frage
A researcher measures play behaviour of a few children over a long period of time, in daily structured play sessions. Possible problems?
Antworten
  • Children will get bored with this and underperform.
  • Results will be insufficient to draw valid conclusions.
  • Results may not generalise to other children.
  • All of the above.

Frage 52

Frage
Say that we found that watching a lot of violence on TV is correlated with disruptive behaviours in children. What conclusions can be drawn from this?
Antworten
  • TV violence may cause disruptive behaviour
  • Parents of disruptive children allow them to watch more TV programmes.
  • All of the above could be true.
  • None of the above.

Frage 53

Frage
A researcher reported that 3-year-old children have longer attention span than 2-year-old children, as they remembered more pictures shown in a test. She used a cross-sectional design, and tested 25 children in each group.
Antworten
  • Data are not valid or reliable.
  • Data are not generalisible
  • Data cannot tell us about the development of individual children.
  • All of the above.
  • None of the above.

Frage 54

Frage
Recommended for women in general: up to 14-21 units / week, so up to 2-3 units per day is OK. How much is it safe to drink in pregnancy?
Antworten
  • No drinking at all
  • One unit per day
  • Two units per day
  • Three units per day

Frage 55

Frage
Birth experience for babies is...
Antworten
  • Not very stressful at all
  • Quite stressful
  • Very stressful
  • Torturous

Frage 56

Frage
For parents, especially the mother, is there a sensitive period for emotional bonding in first 6-12 hours after birth?
Antworten
  • Yes - this is crucial for the full acceptance of a new baby.
  • No, there is no such thing as a sensitive period.
  • It may be helpful but it is not necessary.
  • It may be helpful not to see the baby immediately, until mother is properly rested and hormones return to normal.

Frage 57

Frage
You show preschool children Manyard the Cat. Then, in front of them, you place a dog mask on the cat’s face. You ask the children, does he bark or meow? They will say
Antworten
  • meow
  • bark
  • can do either as he chooses
  • neither

Frage 58

Frage
Genetic epistemology, Piaget's academic specialty, could be defined as the study of the:
Antworten
  • child's social relations with others such as peers.
  • inheritance of developmental disability.
  • inheritance of behavioural habits.
  • development of knowledge.

Frage 59

Frage
In Piaget's theory, balance between the child's thoughts and the environment is called:
Antworten
  • Secondary circular reaction.
  • Phylogenetic scaffolding.
  • Early constructivism.
  • Cognitive equilibrium.

Frage 60

Frage
Object permanence refers to the understanding that:
Antworten
  • durable todays are preferred over those that break soon.
  • existence continues even when something is out of sight.
  • inanimate objects have the ability to "hide" actively.
  • lost objects will always be located later.

Frage 61

Frage
Three-year-old Bethan gets scared when her mum dresses up in a dinosaur costume on Halloween. This child shows:
Antworten
  • a phylogenetic development.
  • assimilation and accommodation.
  • lack of object (person) permanence.
  • misunderstanding of the appearance/reality distinction.

Frage 62

Frage
Suppose we asked children to make drawings of all the life forms that might occur on another planet. According to Piaget, the novelest, creative ideas of life forms are likely to come from children at the:
Antworten
  • sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.
  • preoperational stage of cognitive development.
  • concrete-operational stage of development.
  • formal-operational stage of development.

Frage 63

Frage
Roxanne is 4 ½ years old. She often talks out loud even when other people are not listening. This habit is:
Antworten
  • unusual for boys but common for girls.
  • unusual for girls but common for boys.
  • fairly common in all children of her age but of no significance for her cognitive development.
  • fairly common in all children her age and helpful to her cognitive development.

Frage 64

Frage
Which statement is LEAST applicable to Vygotsky's theory?
Antworten
  • Cooperative interactions with skilled tutors are helpful.
  • Variations in cultural influences are acknowledged.
  • Developmental universals are sought and identified.
  • Scaffolding assists the child with difficult tasks.

Frage 65

Frage
In the mirror self-recognition test, the parent covertly places a red spot on 1-year-old Gareth’s face. The child is then presented with a mirror. What is he most likely to do?
Antworten
  • Deliberately ignore the red spot.
  • Stare at the red spot.
  • Touch their nose / wipe the red spot.
  • Interact with the mirror (kissing or touching it)

Frage 66

Frage
When do children start learning their native language?
Antworten
  • about 12 months old
  • about 6 months old
  • soon after birth
  • before they are born

Frage 67

Frage
Some language developmental researchers claim that 8-month old infants can out-perform older children on certain language tasks. Why?
Antworten
  • They are attention-, funds- and fame-seeking scientists
  • They are simply mistaken - other researchers disagree
  • There are large individual differences in development, some infants can be so advanced that they outperform average pre-schoolers
  • This is actually true for all children in some aspects of comprehension.

Frage 68

Frage
Which type of parenting produces the happiest, best-adjusted children?
Antworten
  • Authoritative (high demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Authoritarian (high demandingness/control and low acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Permissive (low demandingness/control and high acceptance/responsiveness)
  • Uninvolved (low demandingness/control) and low acceptance/responsiveness)

Frage 69

Frage
Jo has bad temper which often leads to crying and shouting. Jo’s mum tries to avoid public embarrassment by giving in to Jo’s demands when they are out. This makes it more likely that this situation will happen again. This fits with a
Antworten
  • Parent effects model.
  • Child effects model.
  • Transactional model.
  • Universal model.

Frage 70

Frage
Girls are more likely than boys to show which kind of aggression?
Antworten
  • Hostile.
  • Instrumental.
  • Relational.
  • Bullying.

Frage 71

Frage
A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is
Antworten
  • That informed consent is not necessary.
  • Its ability to discern amongst cohorts.
  • That it follows development of individuals.
  • That it protects from selective attrition.

Frage 72

Frage
Which of these is NOT among the five measurements that make up the APGAR test for neonates?
Antworten
  • Muscle tone.
  • Heart rate.
  • Reflex irritability.
  • Attention span.

Frage 73

Frage
In recent decades, the age of viability has advanced earlier in the period of the fetus because of
Antworten
  • The increasing rate of single parenthood.
  • The perfusion of toxic chemicals in food and water.
  • Better maternal nutrition.
  • Advances in medical technology.

Frage 74

Frage
Reasoning by verbal analogy: MATERNITY BLUES are to POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION as __________ is to __________.
Antworten
  • PRIMATE / HUMAN
  • POSITIVE / NEGATIVE
  • FATHER / MOTHER
  • MILD / INTENSE

Frage 75

Frage
When adults interpret emotions displayed by babies in their first months of life, they
Antworten
  • Are unreliable and inaccurate.
  • Do better with negative emotions than with positive.
  • Do better with positive emotions than with negative.
  • Are highly accurate regardless of the type of emotions.

Frage 76

Frage
"Social referencing" refers to the child's ability to
Antworten
  • Categorise people or animals as good or bad.
  • Use the reactions of others to interpret an ambiguous stimulus or situation.
  • Hide one's own true inner feelings.
  • Understand that others' feelings differ from your own.

Frage 77

Frage
Which of these is NOT among the several methods for studying infants’ sensation / perception?
Antworten
  • Habituation / dishabituation.
  • High-amplitude sucking.
  • Deferred imitation.
  • Evoked potentials.

Frage 78

Frage
Sandra’s mum has no time to look into a mirror. Which flaws is 6-month-old Sandra LEAST likely to notice?
Antworten
  • Very smudged eye shadow.
  • A big bruise on mum's nose.
  • A piece of pasta hanging off mum's chin.
  • A crow's nest in mum's hair.

Frage 79

Frage
As little Benny masters object permanence, which behaviour represents the most advanced understanding?
Antworten
  • Passively waiting for an object to reappear.
  • Anticipating invisible displacements.
  • Making an A-not-B error.
  • Looking at another toy as the first one disappears from view.

Frage 80

Frage
Ceri’s dad is upset and cries. Ceri gives her teddy to dad to hold, and tells dad he will feel better if he hugs that teddy. According to Piaget, Ceri is showing
Antworten
  • Egocentrism.
  • Decentered emotionality.
  • Sympathetic empathic concern.
  • Animism.

Frage 81

Frage
Reasoning by verbal analogy, Piaget’s view is to Vygotsky’s view as is to
Antworten
  • Egocentrism / other's viewpoint.
  • Adolescence / childhood.
  • Flexibility / rigidity.
  • Solitary / social.

Frage 82

Frage
For Vygotsky, private speech is
Antworten
  • Meaningless babbling.
  • Entirely silent and cannot be heard by others.
  • Passive reporting on thoughts after they have happened.
  • Self-talk that helps children to plan their thoughts.

Frage 83

Frage
A basic definition of imitation is
Antworten
  • Doing an action after seeing it done.
  • Repeating an action after getting reinforcement.
  • Varying a response to achieve reinforcement.
  • Repeating an action.

Frage 84

Frage
Generalised imitation, a higher-order skill investigated by researchers in Bangor and other behaviour analysts, denotes an
Antworten
  • Ability to copy actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of novel actions.
  • Ability to copy a variety of novel actions without external reinforcement.

Frage 85

Frage
A toddler is able to name many objects and events. He hears a familiar word /cat/. This makes him
Antworten
  • Look to find a cat.
  • Try to pet the cat.
  • Do neither 1 or 2 but may echo the word 'cat'.
  • Do both 1 and 2 - and he may echo the word 'cat'.

Frage 86

Frage
The set of emotions that are closely tied to cognitive development, particularly self-recognition and an understanding of social norms is
Antworten
  • Interest, distress, disgust, and contentment.
  • Anger, surprise, fear, and sadness.
  • Embarrassment, shame, guilt, and pride.
  • Joy, happiness, frustration, and boredom.

Frage 87

Frage
Belinda is 8 months old. She turns away and starts crying when a stranger approaches her pram in the supermarket. This reaction would
Antworten
  • Be unusual in a child at that age.
  • Be evidence that Belinda was insecurely attached.
  • Be considered a typical response to a stranger for a child of that age (but not necessarily a universal response).
  • Simply indicate that Belinda is tired or hungry.

Frage 88

Frage
Emotional attachments between parent and child
Antworten
  • Are the result of cultural effects of parenting in the Western countries.
  • Slowly rise from social interactions in the first months.
  • Emerge suddenly at birth, to the strongest level.
  • Result from both persons' shared genetic relationship.

Frage 89

Frage
Mary Ainsworth's (1978) "Strange Situation”
Antworten
  • Identifies the child's level of visual imagination.
  • Provides training for the transition into foster care.
  • Measures the child's interest in novel unfamiliar items.
  • Assesses the child's attachment style.

Frage 90

Frage
The two common fears of infancy, separation anxiety and stranger anxiety, reflect the baby's preference for
Antworten
  • Easy temperament.
  • Familiarity.
  • Social referencing.
  • Learned helplessness.

Frage 91

Frage
Training to improve the sensitivity of parents to their child’s needs
Antworten
  • Is doomed to fail because caregiving is genetically predetermined.
  • Works and promotes secure attachment.
  • Is directed mainly to upper parents.
  • Yields temporary gains that are lost within weeks.

Frage 92

Frage
Sam, age five, turns away from the TV that shows a report of an earthquake, where people are hurt. Sam is likely to be feeling
Antworten
  • Self-oriented distress.
  • Sympathetic empathetic arousal.
  • A hostile attribution bias.
  • Learned helplessness.

Frage 93

Frage
Finnish school-based KiVa programme does NOT contain
Antworten
  • An online game training emotion recognition.
  • Classroom activities that teach children to be helpful bystanders.
  • Psychological counselling to make bullied children less vulnerable.
  • Parental educational materials.

Frage 94

Frage
Bangor-made Food Dudes programmes are effective interventions that increase consumption of fruit and veg. They are usually delivered by
Antworten
  • Parents.
  • Researchers.
  • Children.
  • Teachers.

Frage 95

Frage
Which of these is NOT among Piaget's four cognitive developmental stages?
Antworten
  • Formal operations stage.
  • Preoperational stage.
  • Proximal zone stage.
  • Sensorimotor stage.
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