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Quiz von Freya Robinson, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Freya Robinson
vor mehr als 7 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
What is a type 1 error?
Antworten
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Rejecting the true null hypothesis. False positive
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Not rejecting the false null hypothesis. False Negative
Frage 2
Frage
Statistical power depends on?
Antworten
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Sample Size
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Size of Specimens
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Effect Size
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Background Variation
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Pseudo-replication
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Significant level
Frage 3
Frage
What are the 8 steps of Feed and Food Processing?
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Search, Detection, Decision, Orientation, Pursuit, Attack, Capture, Ingestion
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Search, Decision, Detection, Orientation, Pursuit, Attack, Capture, Ingestion
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Search, Detection, Decision, Pursuit, Orientation, Attack, Capture, Ingestion
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Search, Detection, Decision, Orientation, Pursuit, Capture, Attack, Ingestion
Frage 4
Frage
In Aquaculture, what are some of the parameters that can effect feeding behavior?
Antworten
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Temp, Salinity, Light Intensity etc
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Smell, loud music, wind speed etc
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turbidity, sex ratio, health etc
Frage 5
Frage
A fish with high levels of Cones in their eyes and feeds during the day would be?
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Mesotopic
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Scotopic
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Photopic
Frage 6
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A scotopic fish has which characteristic?
Antworten
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High number of cones
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High number of rods
Frage 7
Frage
Ghrelin is an orexogenic neurohormone that is stimulated in the hypothalamic.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 8
Frage
Which of the following are Orexigenic Neurohormones?
Antworten
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Ghrelin
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Melanocotrine (POMC)
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Galanin
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Agouti-regulated protien
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BBS - bombesin
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CCK - gastrin
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Melanin concentrating hormone (MHC)
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NPY
Frage 9
Frage
Which of the following are Anorexigenic neurohormones stimulated by the brain?
Antworten
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CCK - gastrin
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Melanocortine
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CART
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Bombesin
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Leptin
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Glucogen like peptide - GLP-1
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Tachykinins
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CRF
Frage 10
Frage
What does Ghrelin Control?
Antworten
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Homeostasis and consumption of food
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Coloration and Consumption of food
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Homeostasis and Coloration
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All
Frage 11
Frage
Where is NPY stimulated?
Antworten
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Hypothalamus
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Stomach
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Nervous system
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Pancreas
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Digestive Canal
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Liver
Frage 12
Frage
Galanin is produced in the brain and pituitary tissues?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 13
Frage
BBS is produced where?
Antworten
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Central nervous system
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pancreas
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Cardiovascular system
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Liver
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Spleen
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Brain
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Digestive Canal
Frage 14
Frage
CART interacts with which neurohormones?
Antworten
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CRF
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Galanin
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MCH
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NPY
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Orexins
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Agouti-regulated protien
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Leptin
Frage 15
Frage
Ultradian Cycles are composed of more than one cycle per 24 hours?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
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Circadian Cycles are composed of 2 cycles per 24 hours?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 17
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Infradian cycles are composed of less than one cycle per 24 hours?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 18
Frage
A digestive system composing of a large stomach an small intestine belongs to ...
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Omnivore
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Carnivore
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Herbivore
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Insectivore
Frage 19
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A digestive system composing of a large stomach and a large intestine would belong to what?
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Herbivore
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Carnivore
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Omnivore
Frage 20
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Anticipatory feeding behaviour characteristics include;
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Feeding anticipatory activity gradual appearance.
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Feeding anticipatory activity mostly appeared during food deprivation.
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Detected only after several feeding cycles.
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Disappeared during ad libitum feeding.
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The restricted feeding increase the possibility for the fish to express food-anticipatory activity.
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All of the Above
Frage 21
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Signs of anticipatory feeding behavior include;
Antworten
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Swimming activity
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Aggression
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Lever-pressing behavior (if self fed)
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Shyness
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Agnostic Behavior
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Swimming and feeding activity rhythms are strongly influenced by feeding method.
Frage 22
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Synchronizing stimuli for feeding entrainment
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Meal size and composition
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Attractiveness of person feeding
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Energy content
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Food restriction
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Hormone melatonin
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Tank colouration
Frage 23
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Feed Efficiency = wet weight / dry feed weight ?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 24
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FCR = Dry feed weight / wet weight gain ?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 25
Frage
Protein efficiency ratio = 100 x (wet weight gain/ crude protein intake) ?
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 26
Antworten
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Feed Fish
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Feed Losses
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Wt Gain
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Feed gain ratio
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Feed Supply
Frage 27
Frage
Net protein ratio = (N gain in fish - N loss) / N Intake
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 28
Frage
For every 1g of oxygen consumed, how many Kj of energy expenditure is recieved?
Antworten
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14
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12.7
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13.6
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11
Frage 29
Frage
Direct method for quantifying digestibility is: control of feed intake & collection of faecal losses corresponding to the amount eaten
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 30
Frage
An inert marker for indirect quantification of digestibility must be:
Antworten
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Without any physiological or behavioral effects
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neither absorbed or metabolised
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small
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an appropriate color
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easily and rapidly measured
Frage 31
Frage
Indirect method of digestibility sampling relies on collection of representative samples of faeces. how is this done?
Antworten
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Stripping/abdominal pressure
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Collecting faeces from bottom of tank
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Dissection
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Anal Suction
Frage 32
Frage
Digestion variation: methodological factors to take into account
Antworten
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Number of replicates
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frequency of feed distribution
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Palatibility
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Adaptation time of fish
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Fish size
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Water temperature
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pH and salinity
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Ingestion levels
Frage 33
Frage
Excess amino acids are stored in tissues in the body
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 34
Frage
Different forms of Ammoniagenesis
Antworten
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Uricolysis
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Ureagenesis
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Purine Nucleotide breakdown
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Amino acid catabolism: deamination and transdeamination
Frage 35
Frage
Different forms of Ureagenesis
Antworten
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Ornithine Urine Cycle
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Purine nucleotide breakdown
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Arginine Breakdown
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Uricolysis
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Amino acid deamination
Frage 36
Antworten
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Uric Acid
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Allantoin
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Allantoic acid
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Urea and glyoxil acid
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NH3
Frage 37
Frage
Forms of N excretion in Vertebrates
Antworten
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Uric Acid
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Uricotelic
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Ammoniotelic
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Urea
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Ureotelic
Frage 38
Antworten
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Growth
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Body Protein
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FAA Pool
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Oxidation/Catabolism
Frage 39
Frage
This isn't even a question... just look at it....
The answer is: Nutrition is lame
Image:
Image (image/png)
Antworten
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Nutrition is lame
Frage 40
Antworten
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Faeces
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Absorption
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Oxidation
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Synthesis
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Amino Acids
Frage 41
Frage
Poor carb utilization in fish can lead to an intolerance to glucose, why?
Antworten
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Poor feed quality
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Low insulin release
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Feed the wrong size
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Low number of insulin receptors in muscle
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Absence of glucose transporters in muscle
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Not enough starch
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Poor regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism
Frage 42
Frage
20:5(n-3) is what?
Antworten
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DHA
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Oleic acid
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EPA
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Linoleique
Frage 43
Frage
22:6(n-3) is what?
Antworten
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Linolenique
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EPA
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DHA
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Palmitic
Frage 44
Frage
Fat soluble Vitamins are?
Antworten
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A
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B6
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C
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D
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E
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B12
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K
Frage 45
Frage
Sites of synthesis and deposition for lipogenesis
Antworten
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Spleen and Liver
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Liver and adipose tissue
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Muscle and organs
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Liver and Muscle
Frage 46
Frage
Protein Sources in fish feed
Antworten
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Marine hydrolisates
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Starch
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Animal processed by-products
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Plant meals
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Animal Fat
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Fish meals
Frage 47
Frage
Lipid sources in fish feeds
Antworten
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Marine oils - fish, krill etc
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Cereals
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Rapeseed, sunflower, soy
Frage 48
Frage
Problems with soybean include:
Antworten
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High Price
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Low in Met and Lys
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Post-extrusion fat absorption
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High ANFs
Frage 49
Frage
Protein plant sources: processing benefits
Antworten
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Better palatibility
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Faster Sinking Rate
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More expansion potential for floating diets
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Reduced ingredient costs
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Applicable at higher temps
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More binding potential for improved durability
Frage 50
Frage
Characteristics of single celled proteins
Antworten
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Can consist of bacteria, yeasts, other fungi or algae
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Low Price
-
Low in Met and Cys
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Efficient process of eliminating nucleic acid as uric acid
Frage 51
Frage
Starch is an important nutritional source in fish and provides expansion and improves binding and pellet durability
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 52
Frage
The general problem with pigmentation in feed is the low retention rates
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 53
Frage
Ways to reduce suspended matter?
Antworten
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Better AA availability
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Changing feeding methods and strategies
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Higher P sources
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Quality of feed ingredients
Frage 54
Frage
Factors affecting voluntary feed intake:
Antworten
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Pigmentation
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Temperature
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Palatability
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Fish Size
Frage 55
Frage
How to reduce N losses?
Antworten
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Adapt feed distribution to fish appetite
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Choose proper protein sources to obtain an ideal dietary amino acid profile
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Make pellets float better
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Optimize phosphorus levels
Frage 56
Frage
How to reduce phosphorus losses?
Antworten
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Increase excess dietary P
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Feed distribution should match fish appetite
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Use dietary ingredients with high P bio-availability
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Increase binders
Frage 57
Frage
Potential problems for implementing IMTA to reduce nutrients
Antworten
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Fish might escape and eat other species
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Legal issues with different species in one location etc
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Shellfish cannot take up organic nutrients
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Seaweed isn't edible
Frage 58
Frage
Of the 176 differently expressed genes, how many are involved in metabolism?
Antworten
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60%
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52%
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48%
-
57%
Frage 59
Frage
Flesh lipid content, flesh n3 LC PUFA is found to be a highly heritable trait
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 60
Frage
Arriana overall objectives:
Antworten
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Reduce the overall cost of aquaculture production
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Develop sustainable alternative aquaculture feeds while reducing FM and FO
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To increase palatibility of feeds for European species
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To provide flexibility in the use of various ingredients in the formulation of feeds
Frage 61
Frage
Reduction of fish meal and fish oil in feeds have no trans-generational effects
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 62
Frage
Early feeding exposure can lead to changes in phenotype of adult fish
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 63
Frage
We can prepare fish for novel feeds by Induction and persistency of an altered nutritional phenotype and exposure to a nutritional stimuli at early life stages of high metabolic plasticity
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 64
Frage
Problems with increasing the use of "omics" technologies
Antworten
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quantifying responses is difficult at the biological level
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Comparisons between species / studies are difficult
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Studies to separate the effects of specific nutrients from those due to ingredients themselves are needed
Frage 65
Frage
Reliable biomarkers are needed for:
Antworten
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Increasing palatability
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Growth, Feed utilization / Nutrient utilization efficiency
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Monitoring the effects of temperature on feed
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Analysis of biological consequences
Frage 66
Antworten
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Endogenous Losses
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Maintenance
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Max Growth
Frage 67
Antworten
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Feed Loss
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Metabolic Loss
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Faecal loss
Frage 68
Frage
How to calculate growth prediction based on water temperature and body size in Shrimp
Antworten
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Calculate specific daily growth rate
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Evaluate Thermal Unit Growth Coefficient
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Predict weight gain
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Guess
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Other factors such as genotype, husbandry practices and feed quality
Frage 69
Frage
Problems with shrimp nutrition
Antworten
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Affects pigmentation negatively
-
Our knowledge on nutrient requirements limited
-
Shrimp don't like the taste
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Feed technology and feeding strategies need further refinement
-
Need to reduce the pressure on marine ingredients
Frage 70
Frage
Benefits of using information technology in aquaculture
Antworten
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Product looks better
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Lower Production costs
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Data can be shared with other companies
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Improved operational efficiency
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Improved product quality
Frage 71
Frage
Benefits of Data Mining
Antworten
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Have data for immediate use
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Transform data into knowledge, and use this knowledge to improve efficiency and increase profitability.
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Models are based on historical data so very accurate
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Helps companies to identify systematic relationships
Frage 72
Antworten
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Andreas
-
Dimos
Frage 73
Frage
Assumptions of absolute growth rate AGR = (Wt-Wi) / t
Antworten
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AGR is the same regardless of fish size
-
Linear relationship between weight and time
-
Allows comparisons between treatments with fish of different initial sizes
-
Assumes that fish weight increases exponentially
Frage 74
Frage
Assumptions of relative growth rate RGR = ((Wt-Wi) / Wi) x 100
Antworten
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Assumes that fish weight increases exponentially
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The length (L) - weight (W) relationship is W ∝ L3
-
Restricted to the length of time for which it was computed and cannot easily be converted to another time period
-
Allows comparisons between treatments with fish of different initial sizes
Frage 75
Frage
Assumptions of specific growth rate SGR = ((lnWt - lnWi) / t) x 100
Antworten
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Is the same regardless of fish size.
-
Assumes that fish weight increases exponentially – useful for reporting the growth of small fish
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Restricted to the length of time for which it was computed and cannot easily be converted to another time period
Frage 76
Antworten
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Is the same regardless of fish size.
-
Growth in length is constant over time (i.e. L increases linearly over time).
-
Assumes that fish weight increases exponentially
-
The length (L) - weight (W) relationship is W ∝ L3
Frage 77
Antworten
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Allows comparisons between treatments with fish of different initial sizes
-
Similar to DGC
-
Can be used to make predictions about how big a fish would be at different temperatures
-
Linear relationship between weight and time
-
Growth increases in a steady and predictable manner with increasing temperature
Frage 78
Frage
What is the Von Bertalanffy growth function ?
Antworten
-
Image:Image (image/png)
-
Image:Image (image/png)
-
Image:Image (image/png)
-
Image:Image (image/png)
Frage 79
Antworten
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Structure
-
Reproductive
Frage 80
Antworten
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Feeding
-
Defecation
-
Assimilation
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Growth
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Development / Reproduction
Frage 81
Frage
Principles of experimental design include
Antworten
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Size
-
Replication
-
Pseudo-replication
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Blinding
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Randomization
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Transparency
-
Controls
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