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Erstellt von Brianna Murphy
vor fast 7 Jahre
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Frage | Antworten |
Ontological questions | Questions concerned with 'what is' |
Three ideal qualities of an ontological thesis | 1. Internal consistency. 2. Consistent with what we already know/believe. 3. Relative explanatory power. |
Internal consistency | A theory lacking in contradictions or inconsistencies within itself. |
Cartesian dualism | A theory suggesting that there are only two substances in the world - mental substance and material substance. |
Material substances | One of Descarte's two substances - individual, self-standing objects. Defined by the attribute of extension. |
Mental substances | One of Descarte's two substances. Defined by the attribute of thought. |
Attributes | Defining features of substances in Cartesian dualism. Divided into 'extension' and 'thought'. |
Non-substantial individuals | Descarte's proposed opposition to substance (separated into mental and material). Consists of concrete events and abstract entities. |
Parallelism | The theory that there are no causal interactions between mental and material events - these events were set in motion by something else (commonly god). |
Occasionalism | No event is related to another event, but there are universal regularities. This 'frame by frame' universe is either animated by God or completely random. |
Idealism | There are no material substances; everything is in the mind and caused by mental interaction. |
Solipsism | Everything is in only your mind - there are no other minds or material substances. |
Epiphenominalism | Mental events are epiphenomena - side-effects of material goings-on in the brain. |
Materialism | Everything is a material substance, and there are no mental substances. |
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