Erstellt von sammi_taylor01
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Frage | Antworten |
Starch, glycogen and cellulose are all example of.. | polysaccharides, therefore carbohydrates |
Where is starch found and as what? | Starch is found in plants as small grains. |
Why is starch important? | It forms an important component of food and is a major energy source for most diets. |
What is starch made up of? How are these joined? | alpha glucose monomers, joined by glycosidic bonds in a condensation reaction. |
How is starch adapted for being inside the cell? | It's an unbranched chain that is highly coiled and very compact. This allows for a large volume to be stored in a small place. |
Some facts of starch include.. | It's insoluble, therefore has no effect on water potential/osmosis. As it is insoluble, it does not easily diffuse out of cells. It can be broken down via hydrolysis into alpha-glucose. |
Why is starch being broken down into alpha glucose an advantage? | It is more easily transported round the body and used for respiration. |
Name a polysaccharide that is always found in animal cells? | Glycogen |
Glycogen is similar in structure to starch but.. | has shorter chains that are more branched. |
Where is glycogen stored in and how is it stored in animals? | Stored as small granules mainly in the muscle and liver. |
Due to glycogen having shorter chains than starch, it means.. | it's more readily hydrolysed into alpha glucose. |
What monomer is cellulose made out of? | Beta glucose. |
Where is cellulose found? | In plant cell walls providing rigidity for the cell. |
What is unique to cellulose? | In order for the beta glucose to form glycosidic links, it must be rotated 180degrees compared to its neighbour. |
How would you describe cellulose's chain? | straight an unbranched. |
What type of bonds are in cellulose and how? | hydrogen bonds, form cross-linkages between the adjacent chains. The sheer number of hydrogen bonds adds to the strength of the molecule. |
What does the cellulose cell wall prevent within the cell? | Prevents the cell from bursting as it takes up water via osmosis. |
What does the cellulose cell wall cause the plant cells to be? | turgid, pushing against one another so it becomes semi-rigid. |
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