118970
Beschreibung
Karteikarten von Leanne McMahon, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Leanne McMahon
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| Theory of Mind. The ability to put yourself in anothers place mentally understand the motivations and beliefs and enables us to see things from their viewpoint. | This enables us to predict events & Behaviour more accurately. |
| Chandler et al conducted a study on children as young as 2 and concluded that even this young age can understand and carry out 'theory of mind'. | Theory of Mind is important because it is a universally cultural a way of predicting an evolved adaptation. |
| For Reciprocal Altruism to be affective Theory of Mind is necessary for this skill as altruism depends on being able to detect reciprocation. | Reciprocal Altruism is important because it is a way of understanding adaptive behavioural characteristics for survival of the fittest. |
| Behavioural characteristics e.g. successful defence of territory from predators also afford an advantage. | Males and Females have different reproductive strategies. Males mate with more females and females limit their partners by selecting only those with adaptive characteristics/resources. |
| Natural Selection. Natural selection is a key term in Darwin's Evolutionary theory and is processed by which genes carry advantageous adaptive value -characteristics are passed on. | 'Survival of the Fittest' refers to success of a characteristic in a particular environment and promotes survival for those species who have it - thus adaption takes place over time - some species evolve to inherit it from parents who survived long enough to pass on genes contributing to fitness of species. |
| Darwin's finch studies revealed different beak shapes afforded a survival advantage when insects were main source of food. In different environments different beaks evolved which were fitter for the environment. | Natural Selection is important because it aims to identify function of a characteristic and perhaps helps us to understand the reasons for its existence allowing adaption and acceptance or in some case drug therapy. |
| Reciprocal Altruism. An Evolutionary psychological term to explain the evolution of the behaviour of benefitting others who are not kin and where the altruist benefits directly. | TRIVERS argues that individuals who act altruistically cannot guarantee that others will return the favour. |
| Sexual Selection. A form of natural selection, physical characteristics affects access to mates, this effects amount of offspring for males, a higher quality of mate will effect viability of offspring and increased chance of gene transmission. | Competition, usually between males, is known as intrasexual selection and relates to mate selection based on physical characteristics (Peacocks Train) |
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