Energy

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What is energy?	Energy is the capacity to do work. It can exist in multiple forms such as heat, electrical, kinetic, chemical etc Energy is measured with the unit Joules (J)
What is a joule?	A joule is defined as when a force of 1 newton is applied to an object and displaces (move) that object by 1 metre.
What are the standard prefixes, with their scientific notation, used in science?	Giga is 10 to the power of 9 Mega is 10 to the power of 6 Kilo is 10 to the power of 3 Milli is 10 to the power of -3 Micro is 10 to the power of -6 Nano is 10 to the power of -9
What is work?	Work is a measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance. Work is also measured in Joules.
What are the different forms of energy?	Kinetic, Gravitational potential energy (GPE), Elastic potential energy (EPE), Chemical potential energy (CPE), Nuclear, Sound, Heat, Light, Electrical
What is Kinetic Energy?	A measure of energy in movement.
What is Gravitational Potential Energy?	Energy stored in an object based on how high it is stored.
What is Elastic Potential Energy?	Energy stored in an object due to deformations Such as a spring, rubber band.
What is Chemical Potential Energy?	Energy stored in bonds of chemical When we use the energy, chemical bonds break, releasing the energy for us to use.
What is Nuclear Energy?	Energy stored in the nucleus of particles Nuclear reactors split the atom and use this type of energy to generate electricity.
What is sound energy?	Another form of kinetic energy which causes vibrations of particles in sound. This is the reason why you can’t hear in the vacuum of space. There are no particles for sound to vibrate in.
What is Heat or Thermal Energy?	Is a type of kinetic energy that exists in the vibrations of particles. This is the reason why heat generally transfers the best in solids.
What is light energy?	Light is an electromagnetic wave. It oscillates (moves back and forth) in the electric and magnetic fields. Does not need particles to travel through unlike sound. However it has energy and it can excite electrons and generate electricity. Light energy and heat energy from the sun powers everything on Earth.
What is electrical energy?	Electrical energy is the movement of electrons in a substance. A conductor of electricity is a substance that allows electrons to flow easily through. An insulator of electricity is a substance that does not allow electrons to flow through.
What is energy transfer?	Energy transfer represents the ability of energy to move from one place to another. One of the main reason why electricity is so often used in society today is that it can be transferred over a large distance very quickly with minimal energy lost. No other forms of energy can match electricity in that regard.
What is energy transformation?	Energy transformation represents the change of energy from one form to another. Sometimes it is referred to as energy conversion. A light bulb transforms electrical energy into light and heat. A fan transforms electrical energy into kinetic energy and sound
What is the law of conservation?	Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be converted (transformed) from one form to another. It means that we don’t just magically create energy. We must have gotten it from another source.
What is energy efficiency?	Energy efficiency is how well the energy is used. When a device converts energy from one form to another, some energy is always produced in an unwanted form. Represents how effective the device is at converting energy into the wanted form. Efficient light will produce mainly light energy and very little heat energy.
What is conduction?	Heat energy is transferred through a solid by the process of conduction. When particles are heated, they start to vibrate. The vibrating particles hit a neighnouring particle and so on. The heat can therefore transmitted from one side to another.
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