Functions and graphs

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Terminology
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The arc of a curve Part or section of a curve between two points.
Asymptote A line towards which a curve approaches but never touches.
Cartesian coordinates Named after Descartes. A system of locating points (x, y) on a number plane. Point (x, y) has Cartesian coordinates x and y.
Curve Another word for an arc. When a function consists of all values of x on an interval, the graph of y = f(x).
Dependent variable A variable is a symbol that can represent any value in a set of values. A dependent variable is a variable whose value depends on the value chosen for the independent variable.
Direct relationship Occurs when one variable varies directly with another i.e. as one variable increases, so one variable decreases so do the other.
Discrete Separate values of a variable rather than a continuum. The values are distinct and unrelated.
Domain The set of possible values of x in a given domain for which a function is defined.
Even function An even function has a line symmetry (reflection) about the y-axis, and f(-x) = -f(x).
Function For each value of the independent variable x, there is exactly one value of y, the dependent variable. A vertical line test can be used to determine if a relationship is a function.
Independent variable A variable is independent if it may be chosen freely within the domain of the function.
Odd function An odd function has rotational symmetry about the origin (0,0) and where f(-x) = -f(x).
Ordered pair A pair of variables, one independent and one dependent, that together make up a single point in the number plane, usually written in the form (x,y).
Ordinates The vertical or y coordinates of a point are called ordinates.
Range The set of real numbers that the dependent variable y can take over the domain (sometimes called the image of the function).
Vertical line test A vertical line will only cut the graph of a function in at most one point. If the vertical line cuts the graph in more than one point, it is not a function.
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