Biology - organelles

Beschreibung

Cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, flagella, pili, cilia, mitochondria, chloroplasts, vacuole, ribosomes, smooth ER, rough ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes
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Cell membrane Boundary between intracellular & extracellular environments. Regulates entry/exit of substances
Cell Wall Rigid structure providing support for all Plant (cellulose), Fungi (chitin) and Bacteria (murein).
Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance filling intracellular space, contains organelles.
Nucleus Membrane bound structure surrounding DNA. Controls the cell.
Nucleolus Small structure within nucleus. Site of ribosomal RNA production.
Flagella, Pili, or Cilia Structures used to enable movement of cells or sometimes to propel substances across outer surface of the call. Predominantly protein in composition.
Mitochondria "Power house" of the cell. Site of aerobic respiration. Double membrane and its own DNA.
Chloroplasts Double membrane bound organelles. Contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis and DNA.
Vacuole Membrane bound area filled with water and assorted solutes. Role in maintenance of water balance of the cell.
Ribosomes Small organelles at which protein synthesis occurs. May be free floating or membrane bound.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - smooth Network of flattened membranes forming tunnels. Enzymes assisting synthesis of some lipids and final processing of proteins found here.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - rough Similar to smooth ER, but with ribosomes embedded in the membrane. Proteins to be exported from cell produced here.
Golgi apparatus (A.K.A golgi body) Stacks of saucer shaped membranes where export proteins are modified and stored prior to entering secretory vesicles for exocytosis.
Lysosomes Membrane bound structure-containing enzymes, which break down toxic or unwanted
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