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Karteikarten von Cornelia C, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Cornelia C
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| Frage | Antworten |
| Describe the Robber's Cave experiment | 22 twelve-year old boys selected for a 3 week trip. Two buses picked up half of the boys each, the groups did not know about each other. The groups were encouraged to bond and give themselves a name. 3 phases of experiment: 1) In-group formation: playing around as a group 2) Intergroup friction: competing with the other group 3) Integration/friction reduction: cooperative superordinate goals Final result: boys bonded as single group, and majority chose to travel home on mixed buses and share resources. |
| Define social identity | The part of an individual’s self-concept which derives from his knowledge of his membership of a social group(s), together with the value and emotional significance attached to that membership. |
| Bias of in- and out-groups | Perceived in-group heterogeneity Perceived out-group homogeneity |
| Describe minimal group paradigm and its effects on participants | Minimal group paradigm: used to study social identity. Participants allocated to a group on the basis of a meaningless categorisation. Participants only know their own group membership. There is no relation or interaction between groups. Results: participants give more money/points to members of their own group. Demonstrates in-group favouritism and out-group discrimination. Mirrors behaviour outside the lab. |
| Describe the social identity theory | Our self-esteem is affected by group membership, so we are motivated to be biased towards the group. 1)Categorisation: Defining ourselves and other people as belonging to specific social groups. Boots self-esteem. 2) Identification: identification with other members of the in-group. 2b) Assumptions: in-group similarity and out-group dissimilarity 3) Comparison: making direct comparisons between in-group and out-group, employing self-serving bias and attribution errors when doing so. Biases allow us to gain a positive self-evaluation from comparison. |
| Describe the self-categorisation theory | 1) Subordinate, Personal characteristics —> Me. Things that are unique about you as a person and that make you different from other members of the groups you belong to. 2) Intermediate, Group membership —> Social Identity. Consider yourself to have shared characteristics with other members of the same group. 3) Superordinate, Global membership —> Humanity. See yourself as being like other people and other people like you. Most despicable acts often described as “inhuman”. Levels of Abstraction: 1) Superordinate salience: no in-group or out-group effects. See ourselves as all similar. 2) Intermediate salience: categorisation effects and in-group/out-group effects are produced. 3) Subordinate salience: No in-group/out-group effects. See ourselves as unique. |
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