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Beschreibung
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| CRIMINOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY | A specialised area of psychology that is used to understand criminal behaviour. It investigates the causes of crime by looking at contributory factors such as social and personal issues. It deals with legal aspects of crime such as eyewitness testimony and courtroom procedures. One of its key roles is to develop treatment programmes for offenders to prevent recidivism. |
| CRIME | A behaviour that violates social norms, moral values, religious beliefs or legal boundaries. It is defined as an act that is against the law, and receives punishment. |
| RECIDIVISM | This is the term used to describe the act of reoffending. This means that a person who has committed a crime and been punished or treated for it, then goes and does it again. |
| TOKEN ECONOMY | A way of treating offenders in closed institutions such as prisons to obtain desirable behaviour. They are a form of behaviour modification that are based on the principles of operant conditioning, and involve rewards for when the desired behaviour is displayed by prisoners. |
| ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR | Behaviour that offends or distresses other people, and goes against the norms and values of society. The ASBO was introduced to control anti-social behaviour. An example is drunken disorder. |
| STEREOTYPING | Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike. For example, assuming a young person wearing a hoodie causes trouble. |
| MODELLING | A way of learning by imitating the behaviour of others, usually role models such as family and celebrities. |
| EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY | The statement given by a witness about an incident or a crime. For example, a witness to a robbery would give their testimony and recall what they saw when being questioned by police. |
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