Mechanics definitions & formulas & astronomy info.

Beschreibung

Definitions and notes on Experimental Physics.
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DISPLACEMENT vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position. (m)
VELOCITY vector quantity that refers to "the rate at which an object changes its position." V=d/t (m/s)
ACCELERATION Acceleration is a vector quantity that is defined as the rate at which an object changes its velocity. Vf-Vi/t (m/s^2)
HOOKES LAW. the strain in a solid is proportional to the applied stress within the elastic limit of that solid. F=-Kx
STRAIN Relative change in shape/size of an object due to externally-applied forces
STRESS internal force (per unit area) associated with strain
CONVECTION the movement in a gas or liquid caused by warm gas or liquid rising, and cold gas or liquid sinking (hot air rising,cooling and falling)
CONDUCTION Transfer of energy through a medium (eg, heat or electricity through metal) without any apparent change in the medium.
RADIATION a form of energy that comes especially from nuclear reactions (heat from a light bulb)
COOLEST STAR M: Red stars, <3,500K
What type of star is the sun? A yellow dwarf star. A GV star between 5,300 and 6,000 K
ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDE the apparent magnitude a given star would have if it were situated at a distance of 10 parsecs (32.6 light years) from the earth
APPARENT MAGNITUDE brightness of an object in the absence of the Earth’s atmosphere (which can scatter some of the light, causing it to dim).
ABSOLUTE./APPARENT MAGNITUDE FORMULA M=m-5xlog(D/10) M=absolute magnitude m=apparent magnitude D=distance in parsecs
MAGNETOSPHERE region around a planet that is influenced by that planets magnetic field
STEADY FLOW Type of flow in which fluid characteristics like V, Pressure and density etc. at a point do not change in time
VISCOUS FLOW Type of fluid flow in which there's a continuous steady motion of particles, motion at a fixed point always remaining constant
HALF-LIFE Time it takes for one half of nuclei present to disintegrate T1/2=ln2/λ
V=Vo+at X=V0t+1/2at^2 V^2=V0^2+2ax
F=G m1+m2/d^2 M1 - mass of object, M2-mass of eg.Earth In m3kms2
pghA=weight of fluid displaced p=Density g=gravity h=height of liquid A=area
PE=mgh KE=1/2mv^2
V=2pir/T ...
Fb=Wfluid ..
Hooke's Law F=-Kx
MASS Measurement of how much matter is in an object
WEIGHT How hard gravity is pulling on an object
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