Human Cognitive Neuroscience

Frage	Antworten
What was the effect, described in class, that led to the development of the above late selection theory?	Cocktail Party Effect
What is the name of a 3-d feature?	GEON
Where in the ear does transduction occur?	Cochlea, stereocili, hair cells, basilar membrane(one of those would get you a point)
According to class discussion which part of the brain is responsible for attention?	Attention is not localized
According to class discussion and the experiments described in your book what is a cognitive deficit associated with Parkinson disease?	Set/Task Shifting
Which area of the brain is DBS most frequently applied in Parkinson patients?	Subthalamic Nucleus
As discussed in class what is the modern day equivalent to the MTPT drug described in the textbook?	Fentanyl
What connection with respect to Parkinson disease was made clearer by the MTPT patients?	Link to dopamine
Which side of the visual field is most often neglected in patients with visual neglect?	The left
Which student of Broadbent’s proposed a model of attention that was based on a late filter?	Treisman
What was the effect, described in class, that led to the development of the above late selection theory?	Cocktail Party Effect
Which part of the thalamus acts as a gateway for audio information?	Medial Geniculate Nucleus
In the experiment that showed both faces and houses to participants what was the area that showed sensitivity to houses.	PPA
What is the name given to a collection of cells that control movement in a certain direction?	Population vector
Which type of attention cue is the most effective?	Pull
Patients with visual neglect also fail to imagine a full visual scene from memory. (T/F)	T
The tastes Umami is described as meaty or savory. It is most tasted in the sides of the tongue. (T/F)	F
Many people with prosopagnosia also have dyslexia. (T/F)	F
Prosopagnosia is always caused by brain damage. (T/F)	F
in order to recognize objects they must be defined by the presence of clear boundaries. (T/F)	F
The left FFA recognizes objects as being the same, regardless of the orientation of the presentation. (T/F)	T
The smell receptors of humans are as sensitive as a dog’s. (T/F)	T
There is no auditory analogue to the visual what/where pathways. (T/F)	F
Individual differences in visual processing can be predicted by the size of the visual cortex. (T/F)	T
Sound is processed in the same location specific manner has visual information. (T/F)	F
Marie-Jean-Pierce Flourens helped with what theory of the mind?	Aggregate Field Theory: Function of the mind come from more than 1 specific area. AKA: Emergent properties - The mind is a function of the entire brain
Marc Dax is responsible for what discovery?	Broca's Area
Paul Broca is responsible for what?	Patient "Tan" research on the lost ability to produce speech due to brain lesions brought on by syphilis.
Carl Wernicke is responsible for what?	Left hemisphere and parietal lobes are responsible for speech recognition.
Camillo Golgi is responsible for what?	Silver stain to visualize neurons
Hebb is responisble for what?	Montreal becoming the birthplace of cognitive neuroscience and Hebbian learning: Neurons that fire together, wire together.
Brenda Milner worked on what?	Patient HM - anterograde amnesia after MTL/Hippocampus surgery
George Miller identified what rule?	Rule of 7 - 7 (plus or minus two) provides evidence for the capacity of short term memory. Most adults can store between 5 and 9 items in their short-term memory
A EEG is?	A electroencephalography test that measure skin conductance.
a CT or CAT scan is?	A computed topography or computerized axial tomography - sliced xrays pieced together to create a 3d image.
an MRI and fMRI are?	Magnetic resonance functioning - magnetizing blood flow to visualize brain structure and functional brain structure (fMRI)
Neurons and _____ are responsible for?	Neurons and glial cells are responsible for neuronal signalling and synaptic transmission.
How many glial cells in the brain?	Ratio differs by area by about as many as neurons - 100 billion Cerebral Cortex = 3.7 :1 Cerebellum = 0.23 : 1
Glial cells are responsible for?	Insulation, clean-up, providing structure and helping neuronal migration. They can proliferate even into adulthood.
DTI is?	Diffusion Tensor Imaging - Examining white matter tracts by diffusion of water
Astrocytes are what?	Glial cells located in the CNS that make up the blood-brain-barrier. Respond to and release Neurotransmitters.
Oligodendrocytes are what?	CNS glial cells that make up the myelin sheath.
Microglia are what?	Phagocytes that eat garbage and clean up.
Ependymal cells are?	Glial cells in the Cerebralspinalfluid (CSF) that have cillia and keep things flowing.
Schwann Cells are?	Glial cells in the Peripherial Nervous System that act as the myelin sheath.
What are the nodes of ranvier?	Part of the axon that is a gap in the myelin sheath increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials. AKA saltatory conduction
Dopamine is produced where?	Basal Ganglia
Dorsal/Rorstral/Caudal/Ventral	Superior/Anterior/Posterior/Inferior Up/Front/Back/Bottom
The limbic system consists of?	thalamus, hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala
Broddman Area 17 is?	Primary Visual Cortex
What is the homunculus?	a topographical map of the brain based on which part affects what.
Neuronal proliferation is?	A rapid spreading of neurons starting at the age of 2. 40,000 connections created a second.
What are the stages of mental operation?	1. Encode 2. Compare 3. Decide 4. Respond
The Wada test does what?	A test using sodium amytal that goes to 1 half of the brain testing for function in a hemisphere.
Ipsilateral/Homotopic/Heterotopic	Same Hemisphere communication Same region on opposite hemisphere communication Different region on opposite hemisphere

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Human Cognitive Neuroscience

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