Social Change

Frage	Antworten
What is Social Change?	transformation of culture and social institutions over time
Social Change 4 Characteristics	1.Inevitable.-2.intentional but often unplanned (cultural lag)- 3.controversial- industrial - 4. Some changes matter more than others
Causes of social change Sources of cultural change	1. Invention 2. Discovery 3. Diffusion
Causes of social change Social movements	social movements can generate social change (reformative-civil rights, women, ecology vs, Revolutinary (Marxism proletarian movement- See table 16-1 pg 436 the US :A century of change
Modernity	Consists of social pattern linked to industrialization (capitalism, urbanization) changes in the division of labor to Specialization and rationality and modernism.
Modernity Ferdinand Toennies	interpreted modernization as a LOSS of COMMUNITY and decline of Gemeinschaft and the rise of Gesellischaft.
Modernity - Emile Durkheim	modernization involved an 1. increased division of labor 2. specialized economic activity 3.shift from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity (based on independence)
Modernity Emile Durkheim organic solidarity	organic solidarity (based on independence) - with this transition comes a greater emphasis on individual ism (freedom of choice) with that comes a decline in authentic community
Modernity Max Weber	analyzed modernization as the replacement of tradition with rationality -
Modernity Karl Marx Secondary of industrial capitalism	He anticipated a socialist revolution that would lead to an egalitarian society
Modernity Summing up pg. 442 Traditional and modern societies	To be determined
Theoretical analyses of Modernity Strucural functional theory	A mass society is a society in which industrialization, prosperity and an expanding bureaucracy have eroded traditional ties
Theorectical analyses of modernity Social Conflict theory	A class of society is a capitalist society with pronounced social stratification- this approach sees social revolution as necessary to eradicate the social inequality that results from capitalism
Modernity and the individual Mass society and the individual	Problems of identity" 1. Positive modernity liberated individuals from tradition to (an increase of individual rights) 2. Negative - difficult to establish any coherent identity--people are more social isolated and materialistic
Theorectical analyses - Class society = problems of powerlessness	Herbert Marcuse condems modern society as irrational because it fails to meet the needs of many people (capitalism denies freedom by concentrtaing both wealth and power in the hands of a privileged on their underlying values
Post Modernnity	refers to social patterns characteristic post industrial societies- 5 characteristics
Post Modernity Has failed in important respects	moral failure- holocaust
Post Modernity The bright light of progress is fading	optimism in the future replaced by doubt
Post Modernity Science no longer hold the answers	unintended negative consequences of science and technology
Post Modernity Cultural Debates are intensifying	With the growth in the degree of social diversity/ heterogeneity
Post Modernity Social institutions are changing	As a result of information age and the growing importance of symbolic reality vs material reality

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