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| Functions of the skeletal system: 1.Protection - the cranium and ribs protect the brain and vital organs in the chest. 2.Shape - gives shape to the body and makes you tall or short. 3.Support - holds your vital organs in place when playing sport. The vertebral column holds the body upright. 4.Movement - muscle are attached to bones, which are jointed. When the muscles contract the bones move. 5.Blood production - red blood cells (to carry oxygen) and white blood cells (to protect against infection) are produced in the bone marrow of some bones. | |
| Movement Abduction:Movement away from the mid-line of the body Adduction:Movement towards the mid-line of the body Extension:Straightening limbs at a joint Flexion:Bending the limbs at a joint. Rotation:A circular movement around a fixed point | |
| Synovial joints Cartilage reduces friction. Acts as a shock absorber. Synovial fluid lubricates the joint. Synovial membrane produces synovial fluid. Tendon joins muscle to bone enabling movement. Ligament joins bone to bone, stabilising the joint. | |
| Osteoporosis: a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D. |
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