Geography Exam

Frage	Antworten
Difference between plate techtonics and continental drift	Plate techtonics: theory that the world consists of plates that move. Continental drift: theory that the continents are moving.
4 types of maps	Thematic: designed to show info on 1 specific topic or theme Topographic: using symbols to show variety of features Small scale: big area small details Large scale: small area big details
Primary industry	Jobs that extract raw materials form he natural environment. Ex. Agriculture, mining, forestry,fishing
Secondary industry	Processing primary industry products into finished goods. Ex. Cars, dismonds, computers
Tertiary industry	Provides a large range of services that support the primary and secondary industries and society. Ex government jobs, wholesale trade, health services
Quaternary industry	Highly specialized knowledge based on technology. (Selling ideas) ex author of our textbooks
Basic vs Non basic industries	Basic industries sell its products outside yet community and brings new money in. Non basic industries sell products within the community.
What are the landform regions of Canada	Canadian Shield Hudson Bay lowlands Interior plains Western cordillera Great Lake St. Lawrence lowlands Appalachians Innuitian mountains
What are the three aboriginal peoples of Canada?	Indian (First nations) Innuite Métis
Urbanization	The process of changing a rural settlement to an urban area.
Multiplier effect	Factories/ companies can enhance other businesses for an area by factoring 3-1 jobs. ex a factory with 10 workers can affect other buildings sea and greats 30 new jobs (ex. Purchase of service industry needs)
Six major Land uses a	Residential: houses, apartments, condos Transportation: highways, roads Institutional & public buildings: school, prison Open space & recreational land: parks Comercial: stores, retail
Define import &export	Import: goods brought ino a country Export : goods from one country being sold to another
Six factors affecting climate (LOWERN)	Latitude: the distance from the equator. Ocean currents Wind and air masses Elevation: as air masses rise they expand Relief: distance in elevation Nearness to water
Define weathering, erosion and explain the formation of glaciers	Weathering: breaking down of rocks I to smaller pieces. Erosion: the carrying away of pieces after weathering occurs. Glaciers: formed when more snow falls than can be melted
Mountian building forces: Folding and faulting	Folding: pressure over a long period of time may cause layers of rock to bend and wrap creating fold mountains or long ranged of rolling hills. Faulting: rocks under pressure crack creating fault lines. Movement along the fault line causes sections of rock to be forced up or down.
Define: humans, leaching, cal and calcification	Humas: broken down bacteria and nutrients. Leaching: occurs in areas with much precipitation where water moves through soil. Calcification: upward movement of water in dry areas of land.
Name and define the 3 major types of logging	Clear cutting: removing every tree and leaving behind a barren landscape. Selective cutting: harvesting mature trees only Shelterwood: clear cutting a small portion of the forest.
geographical fishing locations of Canada	East coast fishery (Atlantic) West coast fishery (pacific) Inland fishery (great lakes)
Inshore vs Ofshore fishing in	Inshore: located within 16- 25 of shore 85% labour force,10% catch Owned by individuals and families Smaller boats ( 20m long) with fixed gear Off shore: to the edge of continental shelf 375 km from shore 15%labor force, 90% catch Owned by large companies Larger boat (50m long) mobile fishing nets
Push and pull factors	Push factors: factors that cause people to leave s certain contry (war) Pull factors: factors that cause people to move to a certain conty (health care)
Migrant and refugee.	Migrant: someone who voluntarily moves to a new contry. Refugee: usually forced to move in order to survive.
Convergence, divergence, sliding/transformation	Convergence:Plates moving towards each other. Divergence: plates moving away from each other. Sliding/transformation: sliding along/aside each other
Problems with high population density and low population density	High: not enough jobs for people, over crowding Low: not enough workers, few people to support the older generation
4 ways to produce energy	Solar Thermal Electric Nuclear
Positives and negatives of a volcanic eruption.	Positive: the volcanic materials consist of minerals that are nutrititious for the soulil, and acts as a fertilizer. Negative: the hot lava can destroy everything and kills people.

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