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| Frage | Antworten |
| What are six characteristics of living things? | Grows/develops Genetic code Reproduces Responds to stimulus Exchanges materials with environment Evolves Made up of cells Homeostasis |
| Provide an example of growth and development | increasing in size or change, metamorphosis |
| Provide an example of genetic code | DNA |
| Provide an example of reproduction | offspring, passing on DNA |
| Provide an example of response to stimulus | movement of plants toward light |
| Provide an example of exchange of materials with the environment | plants and photosynthesis, humans eat plants for energy and excrete waste |
| Provide an example of evolution | popultions change genetically over time |
| Provide an example of cell | single celled organisms, multi-cellular organisms (plants and animals) |
| Provide an example of homeostasis | Thermoregulation |
| Define Taxonomy | The discipline of identifying and grouping organisms |
| Define systematics | The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms (currently being redefined through the use of DNA) |
| Describe the relationship between the taxa: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family genus, species | Basic classification categories ordered from most inclusive (most diverse) to least inclusive (least diverse) |
| What are the three domain classifications of living things? | Archaea & Eubacteria (Prokaryotic Cells) Eukaryotic Cells |
| Archaea live in what type of environment? | Extreme environments (hot springs, salt ponds) |
| Eubacteria live in what types of environments? | Most surfaces and environments (gut of animals, soil, ponds etc.) |
| Ribosomal RNA has been used to assist in what? | The classification of Eukaryotic, Eubacteria and Prokaryotic cells |
| What are features of kingdom Protista? | Eukaryotic- True nucleus. Mostly unicellular (protozoan), some multicellular algal forms (kelp). Requires oxygen, reproduce asexually, most have cilia and flagella |
| What are features of kingdom Fungi? | Multicellular, heterotrophic, cell walls composed of Chitin, spore propagation, mycelial branching. |
| What are features of kingdom Plantae? | Multicellular, Autotrophic (photosynthetic), tissue differentiation, cell walls (cellulose), non-motile, meiosis, fertilization, diploid and haploid life phases |
| What are features of kingdom Animalia? | Multicellular, heterotrophic, meiosis, fertilization, tissue differentiation, no cell walls, motile, cilia and flagella with protein tubulin (cytoplasmic protein) |
| Explain binomial nomenclature. | "Two name" system AKA scientific name, genus (Capitalized) species (lower case) and underlined. Pisum sativum. |
| How many electrons complete the first three rings of an outer shell? | First: 2 Second: 8 Third: 8 |
| What are the most common elements of living things? | SPONCH Sulfur, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon, and Hydrogn |
| What are the four most abundant elements? | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
| What elements make up carbohydrates? | CHO |
| What elements make up proteins? | CHONS |
| What elements make up lipids? | CHO and P in membranes |
| What elements make up Nucleic Acids? | CHONP |
| What is the difference between and atom and an ion? | Atom- electrically neutral, protons=electrons Ion- Cation, positive charge, protons>electrons Anion, negative charge, protons<electrons |
| Explain an Ionic bond | A chemical bond which exchanges electrons to have a full opposite charge (NaCl) |
| Explain covalent bonding | Covalent bonds share electrons to complete the outer shell (H2O) |
| Be aware of polyatomic ions | PO43-, NO31-, SO42- |
| Describe a polar molecule | A covalent but unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms causes a slight charge. H2O is an example in which the Oxygen becomes negatively charged while the Hydrogen is positively charged. |
| Explain a non-polar molecule | A non-polar molecule shares electrons equally resulting in no charge. |
| What is the nature of a hydrogen bond? | A hydrogen bond is an electrostatic attraction in which a slightly positively charged hydrogen molecule is attracted to a slightly negatively charged molecule. Individually weak but collectively strong. |
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