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Karteikarten von milicevic.marija, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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| Frage | Antworten |
| Define Genotype | The allele combination of an organism |
| Define Phenotype | The characteristic of an organism determined by a combination of genotype and environmental factors |
| Define Dominant Allele | An allele that has the same effect on the phenotypes whether it is present in the homozygous or heterozygous state |
| Define Recessive Allele | An allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygous state |
| Define Codominant Allele | Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote |
| Define Locus | The particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene |
| Define Homozygous | Having two identical alleles of a gene |
| Define Heterozygous | Having two different alleles of a gene |
| Define Carrier | An individual that has one copy of a recessive allele that causes a genetic disease in individuals that are homozygous for this allele |
| Define Test Cross | Testing a suspected heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive |
| Give an example of genes having more that two alleles or codominance | ABO blood group system |
| What can alleles which are not recessive do? | Share codominance Share incomplete dominance Demonstrate a dominance order |
| What is codominance? | Alleles expressed equally in the phenotype |
| What is shared incomplete dominance? | Neither alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype resulting in blending |
| What is autosomal dominance? | All affected individuals must have at least one affected parent. If two parents are unaffected the offspring must be unaffected. If two parents are affected they may have offspring who are unaffected. |
| What is autosomal recessive? | If parents show a trait, all children must show the trait An affected individual may have two normal parents if parents are both heterozygous carriers |
| What is X-linked recessive? | If a female shows the trait, so must all sons as well as her father The disorder is more common in males |
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