Genetics +5 kingdoms

Frage	Antworten
EVOLUTION: Mutation	is a change in the amount or structure of DNA Gene mutation Chromosome mutation
Genetic engineering	is the artificial alteration or manipulation of genes
5 KINGDOMS: Monera...bacteria	Absence of membrane-enclosed nucleus=prokaryotes NO membrane enclosed organelles NORMALLY small + singlecelled reproduce asexually
Protoctista...Algae,Amoeba	Have membrane enclosed nucleus Mostly single-celled +simple multi-celled organisms Mainly found in water
FUNGI...mushrooms ect.	Hetrotrophic(take in their own food) Mainly multi-celled with tubes=hyphae Hyphae walls made of chitin(carbohydrate) Reproduce by spores
PLANTS..mosses ect.	Complex multi-celled organisms Autotrauphic(make own food by photosynthesis) Cell walls made of cellulose Non motile Embryo is protected inside parent plant Reproduce sexually and asexually
ANIMALS...humans ect.	Multi-celled Heterotrophic Absence of cell walls Nervous and Muscular systems Reproduce sexually Large non-motile egg + small motile sperm
Species	A group of organisms capable of natural interbreeding to produce fertile offspring
Heridity	Passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes
A Gene	Is a a section of DNA that carries the code for a particular protein
Gene expression	is the way in which the genetic code contained in a gene is converted into a protein
A Gamete	is a haploid cell capable of fertilisation
Allelels	are different forms of the same gene
Dominant	Means that the allele prevents the recessive allele from working
Recessive	means that the allele is prevented from working by a dominant allele
Genotype	is the genetic make-up of an organism
Phenotype	is the physical make-up of an organism
Homozygous	means that both the alleles are the same
Heterozygous	means that the alleles are different

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