Chapter 7 key terms

Frage	Antworten
Activities	Work performed in the firm.
Activity-Based Costing (ABC)	Accounting technique that provides managers with information about activities and cost objects.
Activity Driver	Factor that measures the activity consumption by the cost object.
Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS)	Computer-controlled conveyor systems that carry raw materials from stores to the shop floor and finished products to the warehouse.
Bill of Materials (BOM)	A document that specifies the types and quantities of the raw materials and subassemblies used in producing a single unit of the finished product.
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)	Use of computers to design products to be manufactured.
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)	Use of computers in factory automation.
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)	Completely automated environment.
Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC)	Computer-controlled machines that replace skilled labor. The computer contains programs for all parts being manufactured by the machine.
Cost Objects	Reasons for performing activities.
Economic Order Quantity Model (EOQ)	Inventory model designed to reduce total inventory costs.
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)	Intercompany exchange of computer-processable business information in standard format.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)	System assembled of prefabricated software components.
Islands of Technology	An environment where modern automation exists in the form of islands that stand alone within the traditional setting.
Just-In-Time (JIT)	A philosophy that addresses manufacturing problems through process simplification.
Lean Manufacturing	Improves efficiency and effectiveness in product design, supplier interaction, factory operations, employee management, and customer relations.
Manufacturing Flexibility	Ability to physically organize and reorganize production facilities and the employment of automated technologies.
Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II)	System that incorporates techniques to execute the production plan, provide feedback, and control the process.
Materials Requirements Planning (MRP)	System used to plan inventory requirements in response to production work orders.
Materials Requisition	Document that authorizes the storekeeper to release materials to individuals or work centers in the production process.
Move Ticket	Document that records work done in each work center and authorizes the movement of the job or batch from one work center to the next.
Product Family	Product families share common processes from the point of placing the order to shipping the finished goods to the customer.
Production Schedule	Formal plan and authorization to begin production.
Pull Processing	Principle characterizing the lean manufacturing approach where products are pulled into production as capacity downstream becomes available. Products are pulled from the consumer end (demand).
Reorder Point (ROP)	Lead time multiplied by daily demand.
Route Sheet	Document that shows the production path a particular batch of products follows during manufacturing.
Safety Stock	Additional inventories added to the reorder point to avoid unanticipated stock-out conditions.
Toyota Production System (TPS)	Lean manufacturing system based on the just-in-time production model.
Value Stream Accounting	An accounting technique that captures cost data according to value stream rather than by department.
Value Stream Map (VSM)	Graphical representation of the business process to identify aspects that are wasteful and should be removed.
Value Stream	Includes all the steps in the process that are essential to producing a product.
Work Order	Document that draws from bills of materials and route sheets to specify the materials and production for each batch.

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