Week 4

Frage	Antworten
T or F: Social constructionists suggest that a drviant classification floating around abtractly in society is not meaningful unless it gets attached to people.	True
T or F: Grouos in society work to create situaions where deviance occurs and is labeled but does not work to create definitioons of deviance.	False
What is secret deviance?	Becoming exposed or to an abstract status coming to bear on their personal experience.
What are the seven stagexds of the deviance identity career?	Stage 1: when people are caught and publically identified as deviant Stage 2:When attitudes change towards the person they engage in retrospective interpretation Stage 3: One develops a "spoiled identity" Stage 4: The process of the dynamics of exclusion begins
Continued:	Stage 5: Others may welcome or include someone into deviant activities Stage 6: Others treat those defined as deviant differently Stage 7: The "looking glass self" theory
What is a master status?	Basically the identity that people already view you as when they meet you.
What are auxiliary traits?	The common social preconceptions that people associate master statuses.
T or F: The relationship between master statuses and auxiliary traits in society is reciprocal.	True
What is primary deviance?	Refers to a stage when people commit deviant acts, but their deviance goes unrecognized.
What is secondary deviance?	Individuals deny their deviant lable and eventually come to accept it reluctantly as it becomes increasingly pressed upon them.
What is tertiary deviance?	Those who engage in deviance and embrace it.
Fact	In order to avoud the negative consequences of being labeled as deviant and to preserve their untarnished indentities, individuals may engage in a variety ot interactional strategies designed to normalize their behavior.
What do people commonly make for deviance that ar eseen as valid by the delinquent but not by the legal system or society at large?	Justification
What were the 5 listed techniques of neutralization?	1. Denails or repsonsibility 2. Denying of injury 3. Denial of the victim 4. Appeal to a higher loyalty 5. Condeming the condemners
What are excuses?	When peole admit to the wrongfulness of their actions but distance themselves from the blame.
What are justifications?	When people accept respsonsibility for their acions but seek to have specific instances excused.
The discredite and discreditable	Refer to page 253
What are the two courses that follow disclosure?	Deviance disavowal: the non deviants ignore the others deviance and acts as if it does not exist Deviance avowal: they openly acknowledge their stigma and try to present themselves in a positive light
What are different dimensions that groups can be organized in?	Expressive dimension: primary function is to provide Instrumental dimension: members gather together to accomplish the expressive dimension and ot organize the political activism
Aspects of conformity	-they adhere to the norms and values of society -accept most conventional views with the occasion exception of their own deviance -use backstage arenas to counsel others
Aspects of alientation	-People alienate because they are willing to step outside of conventional means to fight for changed defintions of their single form of deviance
Chapter 23: The Adopton and Mangement of a "Fat" Idenity	Goffman suggested that obese people were good for the research since they suffer from a "spoiled identity"
Info in the research	Obese people are not only the subject of negative stereotypes but they are also actively discriminated against in college admissions.
Info in the research	Obese people are "fat" first and only secondarily are seen as posessing ancillary charactersitics.
What two types of data were gathered for the study?	Field observationd and in depth interviews.
The idenity change process and the concept of career	Becker refers to "career contigencies": factors on which one position to another depends -they include both the objective facts of social structure and changes in perspectives, motivations, and the desires of the individual
What levels is the identity change process viewed.	Public (external) and Private (internal)
What is recognizing?	The cognitive process by which an individual becomes aware that a particular status is no longer appropriate.
What is placing?	The cognitive process whereby an individual comes to identify an appropriate status from among those available.
What is the final phase of the indentity change process?	A new status.
Chapter 24: Becoming bisexual	Becoming bisexual involves the rejection of both hetero and homosexuals.
What are the stages of bisexuality?	Stage 1: Confusion Stage 2:Finding and applying the label Stage 3: Settling into the identity Stage 4: Continued uncertainty (refer to pages 269-278)
Chapter 25: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia	Anorexia: 20-25% loss of initial body weight occurs, resulting from self-starvation alone or in a combination with excessive excercising occasional binge eating, vomiting and/or laxative abuse
Bulimia	Denotes cylical binge eating followed by vomitting or laxative abuse
What three categories do eating disorders fall under?	1. Ego psychological 2. Family systems 3. Endocrinoloigical (pg280)
Aspects of conforming behavior	-Emphasis on being slim affects everyone in out culture, but it mainly influences women -People who develop anorexia and bulima are conformists in their strong commitment to other conventional norms and goals
Continued	People who develop anorexia and bulimia are strongly and excessively attached to their parents
Eating disorders and primary deviance	The primary inducement for both was the drive for slimness: with slimness came more self respect and a feeling of superiority over "unsucessful dieters"
Eating disorders and secondary deviance	Respondents felt that their disorders gave a purpose to their lives.
Chapter 36: Convicted Rapists Vocabulary and Motive	Psychiatry has dominated the literature on rapists since "irresistble impulse" and "disease of the mind" were introduced as causes of rape.
Info from the reading	Rape is viewwed as a learned behaior through interaction with others: convicted rapists have learned the attitudes and actions consistent wih secual agression against women.
Listed reasons for justifying rape:	1. Women are seductresses 2. Women mean yes when they say no 3. Most women eventualy relax an enjoy it 4. Nice girls don't get raped 5. Only a minor wrongdoing
Listed reasons for exuses of rape:	1. The use of alcohol or drugs 2. Emotional problems 3. Nice guy image
Chapter 29: Negotiatng White Power Activist Stigma	refer to pages 331-343
Reponses to conformity pressures of family and friends:	-Leading a double life -Strategic silence -Selective disclosure
Managing expressive constraints at work and school:	-Avoiding others -False fronts -Strategic silence
The past aspect of aryans lifestlye	Active and passive idenitity displays in public
Chapter 30: Homeless Kids Stigma Mangement Strategies	Mainly about a research study done about homeless in a program Strategies of inclusion and exclusion
What were listed strategies of inclusion:	-Foring friendships -Passing (to pass succesfully you have to make your stigma invisible) -Covering
What were listed strategies of excluson:	-Physical posturing -Sexual posturing
Chapter 31: Collective Stigma Management and Shame	Was a bit confused about this chapter refer to notes on pages 361-377
Orgazational frames were a big part	.

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