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Beschreibung
Karteikarten von lauradavies94, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von lauradavies94
vor etwa 11 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| A Molecule | A group of atoms, chemically bonded together working as a unit |
| At the molecular level | All life is essentially the same. "...Anything found to be true of E.coli must also be true of elephants..." - Jacques Monod, cited in Friedmann 2004 |
| All cells | obey the laws of physics |
| Biological molecules are based on | The carbon atom, typically bonded to atoms of: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Other Carbon atoms (HONO) |
| Two types of molecules | Small molecules and Macromolecules |
| Small molecules | WCLA - wild cats like animals Water (70% of a typical cell), Carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids |
| 1. Carbohydrates | Empirical formula = CH20, 1 carbon atom, 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 oxygen atom (equal parts of carbon and water) |
| Carbohydrates include | Sugars such as glucose and sucrose C6 H12 06 = Empirical formula for glucose/sugar |
| Sugars in carbohydrates are important for | energy storage and cell structure |
| 2. Lipids (fats) Two major roles | Formulation of the cell membrane and energy storage |
| 3. Amino Acids | small molecules based around a carbon chain with an amino group and a carboxyl group. They are the building blocks of proteins (there are 20) |
| Macromolecules | Large molecules created by the 'polymerization of monomers' |
| Polymerization | process of combining small molecules into a chain |
| Monomers | Small molecules |
| Two principles types of macromolecules in animals | Glycogen and Proteins |
| 1. Gycogen | Large macromolecule comprising a chain of glucose monomers |
| The order the glucose monomers join the chain | Is unimportant |
| Glycogen is essential for | energy storage in animals |
| 2. Proteins | Amino acid sequences for proteins have evolved over thousands of years |
| In order for a protein to be synthesized | cells must know the correct sequence |
| Life is dependent upon | each cell having a complete set of instructions for the amino acid sequence of every protein in the cell |
| Cells are made up of | proteins |
| Proteins are made up of | amino acids |
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