Parliament

Frage	Antworten
Parliament	The British legislature
Legislature	A group of people that makes laws
Precedent	A ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case
Common Law	A system of law based on precedent and customs.
Compact	An agreement, or contract, among a group of people
Town Meeting	A gathering of local citizens to discuss and vote on important issues
Mercantilism	The theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys
Boycott	The refusal to purchase certain goods
Congress	A formal meeting at which representatives discuss maters of common concern
Independence	Self-reliance and freedom from outside control
Confederation	A group of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose
Magna Carta	Great Charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited the power of the monarch and recognized rights of the nobles
Glorious Revolution	1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history of England: Parliament removed King James II from throne and invited his daughter Mary and her husband William to rule instead.
English Bill of Rights	In English history guaranteed free elections, the right to a fair trial, and made cruel and unusual punishment illegal.
Natural Rights	Rights you are born with - life, liberty & property
Social Contract	Agreement between the people ( the governed) and the government; People agree to give up part of their freedom to govt. in exchange for protection of natural rights.
Baron De Montesquieu	Philosopher who came up with "separation of powers"
Enlightenment	During the 1700's & 1800's movement that spread the idea that reason and science could improve society
Mayflower Compact	Document signed by passengers of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World; also represents idea of a social contract
House of Burgesses	Bicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the first representative democracy in the New World
Proprietary Colony	Colony owned by a person who controlled the land and govt.
Royal Colony	Colony owned by and ruled directly by the king
Indentured Servant	A person who agreed to work for a period of 7 years to pay off the cost of their passage to the colonies
Triangular Trade	Trade between Europe, Africa and the Americas; slaves from Africa were transported to the Americas and traded for sugar and molasses
Middle Passage	The journey across the Atlantic Ocean made by slave ships
Salutary Neglect	Sometimes called healthy or useful neglect meant England did not strictly enforce its law in the colonies
French Indian War	Also called the Seven Years War between England and France; because of war debt England began to tax the colonies
"No Taxation Without Representation"	Slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes and the fact the colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives to Parliament
Boston Massacre	March 5 1770 British soldiers opened fire on a crowd killing 5 American colonists; event fueled the Americans hatred for the British
Stamp Act	A tax on printed materials such as legal documents, mail, newspapers, etc
Boston Tea Party	Colonists some dressed as Indians sneaked aboard British ships and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor
Intolerable Acts	Also known as the Coercive Acts; these acts (laws) punished the Boston colonists for the Boston Tea Party; the Boston port was closed to trade and a new Quartering Act
Quartering Act	Part of the Intolerable Acts; act that required colonist to house and feed British soldiers
Common Sense	Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that was widely read in the colonies; said colonies should be free and independent
Battle of Lexington and Concord	"shot heard around the world"; first battle of the Revolutionary War
Second Continental Congress	Meeting of colonial delegates in May 1775; a committee of 5 men were appointed to write a document declaring American independence
Declaration of Independence	The document addressed to King George II of England that declared American Independence
Thomas Jefferson	Chief author of the D.O.I
John Locke	English philosopher whose natural rights philosophy was a BIG influence on Thomas Jefferson

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