CHEMISTRY MODULE 1.3

Frage	Antworten
What is the process of reduction?	Extracting metals out of their ore by displacing oxygen carbon (Blast Furnaces)
What are the two main methods of extracting copper from copper rich ores?	Smelting and Electrolysis.
What is smelting?	Heating the copper ore very strongly to produce impure copper (Crude Copper).
How do we purify the impure copper?	?Electrolysis
How does electrolysis work?	The positive ions in the solution are attracted to the negative electrode where they gain two electrons to become a copper atom again.
What is another way that copper could be purified?	by displacement using scrap iron.
What is an alternative way to find copper in a low grade copper ore?	Phytomining Or Bioleaching
What is pytomining?	It is using plants to produce copper.
Why are plants used?	Because the absorb the copper solution through their roots.
How do we get the copper out of the plants?	Burn the plants to get the ash, which contains the copper.
What is Bioleaching?	Using bacteria to produce a leachate solution.
How does it work?	The leachate solution contains the metal compounds.
How is Iron originally found?	Iron Oxide.
How do we extract Iron from its ore?	Using Carbon in a Blast Furnace to get pure Iron.
Why does Iron from the Blast Furnace have limited uses?	Because its only 96% iron and contains impurities (Mostly Carbon)
What are the properties of impure Iron?	Brittle and Not easily compressed.
Why is Pure Iron useful?	Because when in molten form it can be run into different moulds and cast into different shapes.
How is Aluminium extracted?	By Electrolysis
Why is Aluminium resistant to corrosion?	Because it reacts with the oxygen in the air to form a layer of Aluminium Oxide, which the protects the aluminium.
Why can't Aluminium be extracted by reduction?	Because Aluminium is more reactive than Carbon so it isn't displaced.
Why isn't Titanium Extracted by Reduction?	Because the Carbon reacts with the titanium making it very Brittle.
How is Titanium Extracted?	By reacting it with more reactive metals, such as Sodium Or Magnesium.
What are Alloys?	They are a mixture of metals.
Name a use of Low Carbon Steel and why it is used.	Car Bodies Or Airplanes Because they can be easily shaped.
Name a use of High Carbon Steel and why that is used.	Knife Blades Or High Strength Wires Because they are harder and much more brittle than low carbon steel.
Name a use of Stainless Steel and why it is used.	Cutlery Or Pans/Pots Because they are resistant to corrosion.
What is Stainless Steel made up of?	Chromium And Nickel
Why are Alloys used over normal Metals?	Because they are stronger and have more use. Also because metals like gold and iron are too soft when they are pure so they are mixed with a small amount of similar elements to make them harder and more durable for everyday use.
Why are Alloys Stronger/Harder?	Because the different sized atoms distort the layers in the structure, making it difficult for the atoms to slide over each other.
What is a property of a transitional metal?	They are good conductors of heat and electricity Or They can be bent or hammered into shape.
What are these properties useful for?	Structural materials, such as wires or pipes.
Name a use of Titanium and why it is used.	Vehicle engines Or Radioactive containments. Because they are highly un reactive.
Name a use of Aluminium and why it is used.	Tin Foil Or Bikes Because it is a light metal that doesn't corrode.

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