3975817
Beschreibung
Karteikarten von Josie Capolingua, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Josie Capolingua
vor etwa 9 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| (3) Types of Muscles. | 1. Skeletal. 2. Smooth. 3. Cardiac. |
| Define Skeletal Muscles. | Muscles that are attached to bones. They are consciously controlled to produce a desired movement. |
| Define Smooth Muscles. | Involuntary muscles. They contract subconsciously to maintain body functions. |
| Define Cardiac Muscles. | Involuntary muscle. Contracts subconsciously to pump blood in the heart into arteries. |
| The (2) Qualities of Muscles. | Elasticity: can return to their original shape. Extensibility: can be stretched. |
| How are Skeletal Muscles structured? | Held together by bundles. These bundles consist of muscle cells. Around the cell is sarcolemma. Sarcolemma contains sarcoplasm. Cylindrical cells are called muscle fibres. Within each sarcoplasm are myofibrils. |
| What is the order of organisation of Skeletal Muscle? | Muscle Belly contains Bundles. Within Bundles are Muscle Fibres. Within Muscle Fibres are Myofibril. |
| Structure of Myofibril. | Composed of smaller myofilaments, made of a protein that contracts muscles. Thick myofilament: myosin. Thin myofilament: actin. Arrangement of thick and thin myofilaments give skeletal muscle a banded effect. |
| 1. Sarcomere. 2. Z Band. 3. H Zone. 4. I Band. 5. A Band. 6. Actin. 7. Myosin. | |
| Explain the Sliding Filament Model. | When muscles contract, the sarcomeres shorten. Z Lines: draw closer together, sarcomere shortens, also shortening the H Zone and I Band. (when actin and myosin slide over each other). Shortening of sarcomere results in the contraction of the muscles. |
| Where does the energy required for muscle contractions come from? | ATP breakdown in muscle cells. (ATP breaks down into ADP+P, producing energy). |
| What are tendons? | Fibrous, inelastic, connective tissue. Connects muscle to bone. |
| What are Antagonist Pairs? | The coordination of paired muscles to provide a body movement. Antagonist pairs have opposite effects. |
| What is an example of an Antagonist Pair? | The Biceps and Triceps. When the bicep contracts and shortens, the tricep will relax, the arm will then flex. |
| Origin. | The muscle that is fixed to the stationary bone is the origin. |
| Insertion. | The muscle that is fixed to the moveable bone. |
| Belly. | The fleshy part of the muscle between the origin and insertion. |
| Agonist. | Prime mover. The muscle that creates the desired action. |
| Antagonist. | The muscle that relaxes to create the desired movement. |
| What are Synergist Muscles? | Muscles that assist the prime mover. Produce the same movements as the prime mover and stabilise the joint. |
| What is Muscle Tone? | When muscles maintain partial contraction. Caused by different muscles contracting, at any time, while others relax. Posture is dependent on muscle tone. |
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