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| Frage | Antworten |
| Who were the big 3 and what were their aims? | Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau and Lloyd George. WW: PEACE!!! no more war! Clemenceau: Revenge! Lloyd George: wanted to punish Germany, but not so much for them to retaliate with war. |
| Key points of the Paris Peace conference? | Defeated powers sought armistice, Alsace Lorraine was revoked (to France) Armies would evacuate left bank of River Rhine, 32 countries met in Jan 1919 Big 3 couldn't agree, had to consider public opinion, 2 leaders for 5 countries: USA, UK, Japan, France, Italy. USA didn't want to be involved. |
| How did the Big 3 compromise? | French soil had been fought on, as they suffered most. 90% coal and iron industry was seized by Germany and 1,250,000 men lost. Britain: 750,000 men, £8 billion. Public wanted revenge. USA: 113,000 men. Loaned and captured foreign markets, came to rescue of B+F. Wanted to collect loans. |
| What were the terms of the Treaty? | War Guilt: had to accept full blame. Army: Germany forbidden to have an air force, 6 navy ships allowed, 100,000 men allowed to volunteer for the army, no poisonous gas, no submarines. Rhineland border was demilitarized. Reparations: Had to pay £6600 million, German Territory: Forbade anschluss, former colonies mandates of LoN. LoN: intnl police force, Germany not allowed to join. |
| What was some of Germany's territorial losses? | Polish corridor, Upper Silesia (Poland) Danzig, the Saar, Alsace Lorraine, Memel, Denmark. |
| Was everyone happy with the ToV? | lol no. Clemenceau resented USA's gentle nature, as they hadn't suffered as much. Wilson gave way in the end about territory. France was close to Germany, vulnerable to attack, but Lloyd George didn't want to treat them too harshly. All agreed on taking away land. |
| Which of the 14 points were introduced into the ToV? | French territory freed, and Alsace Lorraine returned to France. An independent Polish state to be created with access to the Sea. A general association of nations to be formed to give guarantees of political independence to great and small states alike. |
| What were Germany's reactions to the ToV? | Refused at first and German navy sank own ships in protest. Eibert agreed on 28th June 1919. Reparations would cripple German economy. Double standards? Self Determination yet German speakers divided. Economy problems were self inflicted and they were harsher on Russia in brest-litovsk in 1918. Other nations didn't disarm, fuelled Hitler?? B+F increasing empire. Right wing revolutions, workers went on strike. (Kapp Putsch) Printed more money = inflation, wages paid daily. Behind on reparations in 1922 so 1923 saw French+Belgium invade the Ruhr and take what was theirs. |
| What were the 4 other treaties? | Austria - Treaty of St. Germain 1919 Hungary - Treaty of Trianon 1920 Bulgaria - Treaty of Neuilly 1919 Turkey - Treaty of Sevres 1920 never agreed so became Lausanne in 1923. |
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