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| Frage | Antworten |
| dendrites | receive the information from other neurons |
| soma (cell body) | contains the nucleus of the cell. tells the cells to fire or not to fire |
| axon | conducting fiber, carries the information down the neuron |
| myelin sheath | insulating fatty layer that speeds transmission |
| axon terminal buttons | branches at the end of the axon that contain neurotransmitters and send them shooting across the synapses (reuptake) |
| neurotransmitters | enable neurons to communicate |
| synapse | the space in between neurons |
| Biological psychologists | application of the principles of biology to the study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals. |
| sensory neurons | carry information to the brain |
| motor neurons | carry information from the brain |
| interneurons | enable communication between sensory or motor neurons and the central nervous system |
| mirror neurons | neuron that fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another |
| action potential | short lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls |
| all or none principle | the strength by which a nerve or muscle fiber responds to a stimulus is independent of the strength of the stimulus |
| resting potential | polarization of cellular fluid within a neuron |
| threshold | minimum amount of stimulation needed to start a neural impulse |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | what stimulates the brain |
| inhibitory neurotransmitters | calms the brain and help create balance |
| reuptake | absorption by a presynaptic nerve ending of a neurotransmitter that it has secreted |
| Acetylcholine (Ach) | compound that occurs throughout the nervous system, functions as a neurotransmitter. |
| Dopamine | compound present in the body as neurotransmitter and a precursor of other substances including epinephrine |
| serotonin | compound present in blood platelets and serum that constricts the blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter |
| gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) | an amino acid that acts to inhibit the transmission of nerve impulses in the central nervous system |
| endorphins | endogenous opioid neuropeptides. Produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland |
| neurons | building blocks that comprise our nervous system |
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