Pharmacology Year 2

Frage	Antworten
Interferes with M2 Viral Ion channel protein involved in "Uncoating"	Amantadine
Guanasine analogue which competitively inhibits Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor	Aciclovir
COX-1 and COX-2 NSAID	Aspirin
COX-2 Inhibitor	Ibuprofen
Bacteria Translocation Inhibitor prevents protein synthesis in Grm+ bacteria. Also known as...	Fusidic Acid aka. Ramycin
Quinolone antibiotic, inhibits topoisomerase II in DNA replication. Effective against Grm(-) bacteria.	Ciprofoxacin
Class of Antibiotics. DNA Gyrase inhibitor, prevents DNA helix formation	Quinolones
Cyclohexylamine used to treat Influenza A, parkinson's and post-herpetic neuralgia	Amantadine
Hydrophobic and lipophilic phospholid detergent which disrupts bactereriea cell membrane. Used against sensitive strains of Gr(-) bacteria	Colistin (polymyxin E)
Tricyclic glycopeptide which inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Mainly effective against Gr+ bacteria, C.difficileand MRSA	Vancomycin
PABA analogue which inhibits folate synthesis used in combination with Trimethoprim	Sulfamethoxazole
Folate antagonist active against common bacterial pathogens and some protozoa . Given in combination with sulfonamides against plasmodia	Trimethoprim
Broad spectrum antibiotic. RNA Polymerase bacteria inhibitor	Rifampicin
50s Ribosomal subunit inhibitor. Macrolide used with penicillin intolerance.	Erythromycin
Like Penicillins this group of Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. E.g Cefuroxime	Second generation cephalosporin antibiotic
COX inhibitor which acts only in the Central Nervous system and is not effective in peripheral tissue	Paracetamol
Fluoroquinolone used to treat different types of bacterial infections and also anthrax	Ciprofloxacin
Muscarin receptor agonist for pain relief	Diamorphine
Broad spectrum antifungal against dermatophytes. Inhibits ergosterol syhtesis	Clotrimazole
Internal broadspectrum antifungal, commonly used to treat vaginal thrush	Fluconazole
Live attenuated vaccine with associated side effect of sensoryneural deafness and rashes (rarely).	MMR Vaccine
Thymidine analogue which inhibits Nucleoside reverse transcriptase to inhibit the reproduction of HIV-1	Zidovudine
Naturally occurring, bactericidal antibiotic, mainly active against Gr+ bacteroa. - Less effective that another member of the same group against Gr- bacteria.	Phenoxymethylpenicillin (Penicillin V)
Benzene derivative inhibits viral protease resulting in immature viral particles. Used to treat HIV-1 in combination with other antiretroviral agents	Amprenavir
Inactivated seasonal vaccine administered through intramuscular injection	Influenza Vaccine
An Ionophore which binds to ergosterol, producing pores in fungal cell membranes. Used to treat oral candidiasis, vaginal thrush and diaper rash	Nyastatin
DNA alkylating agent, forms bonds guanine bases, preventing DNA helix separation and thus replication. Used to treat a wide range of cancers	Cyclophosphamide
DNA alkylating agent used to treat metastatic malignant melanoma or as secondary treatment to Hodgkin's lymphoma.	Dacarbazine
Topical Glucocorticoid used to treat psoriasis and known to cause adrenocortical depression	Clobetasone
Fungal mitosis inhibitor . Orally administered, It binds to keratin in human cells, then once it reaches the fungal site of action, it binds to fungal microtubules thus altering the fungal process of mitosis.	Griseofulvin
An antimalarial for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. It is active against erythrocytic stages of the plasmodium through release of cytotoxic free radicals.	Artemether
A Haem polymerase inhibitor which prevents plasmodium from breaking down hemoglobin, leading to starvation or buildup of toxic partially digested Heamoglobin. - Causes thrombocytopenia	Quinine
Competitive Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor. Blocks bacterial DNA synthesis but in high doses it can also bind to human dihydrofolate reductase and cause megaloblastic anaemia. Trade name: DARAPRIM	Pyrimethamine
The pyrimethamine combination which causes heamolytic anaemia, agranulocytosis and lung inflammation.	pyrimethamine-DAPSONE
The pyrimethamine combination that can cause serious skin reactions, blood dyscrasias and allergic alveolitis.	pyrimethamine-SULFADOXINE
An antifungal drug often used for IV treatment of serious systemic fungal infections. It is an Ionophore which can be fungicidal or fungistatic depending on the concentration. Overdose can cause cardio-resp arrest	Amphotericin B
A narrow spectrum Penicillin that was once commonly used to treat staph infections	Methicillin
Vit A analogue binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and enhances shedding of corneocytes from the follicle so that cornedo contents are extruded and the formation of the microcomedo (precursor lesion of acne vulgaris) is reduced.	Tretinoin
A protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor that inhibits the Bcr-Abl protein and ainduces apoptosis in leukemic cells.	Imatinib
Antitumour drug which inhibits mitiosisby interacting with tubulin.	Vinblastine
An antineoplastic which inhibits tpoisomerase II, thus inhibiting DNA DNA re-ligation. Affects mainly the _ and _ phases of cell division.	Etoposide. Affects mainly the S and G2 phases of cell division
Pyrimidine analogue antimetabolite which inhibits the formation of thymidylate from uracil, leading to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. One of the most common chemo drugs used	5- Fluorouracil
B-cell CD20 antibody which mediates cell lysis via the recruitment of antibodies and complement. Used to treat CD20-positive non-Hodgkins lymphoma	Rituximab
DNA alylating agent which promotees DNA crosslinking and adduct formation, causing DNA fragmentation and cell death.. Used to treat malignant lymphomas, multiple myeloma, retinoblastoma...	Cyclophosphamide
Guanine methylating agent used to treat metastatice malignant melanoma or as a secondary-line therapy for Hodgkin's disease.	Dacarbazine
Anthracycline class of antineoplastic drugs - non cell cycle specific	Doxorubicin
Acts on beta subunit of tubulin to hyperstabilise the microtubule structure, arresting its function - commonly used for kaposi's sarcoma	Paclitaxal
Selective eostrogen receptor modulator which decreases oestrogen response	Tamoxifen
Topoisomerase II inhibitor leading to arrest and apoptosis in S and G2 phases of cell division	Etoposide
Tubulin polymerase inhibitor which causes crystalisation of the microtuble and mitotic arrest	Vinblastine
Inhibits Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase	Imatinib
Vitamin A analogue which binds retinoic acid receptors and promotes detachment of cornified cells and enhanced shedding of corneocytes from the follicle - treatment for Acne Vulgaris	Tretinoin
ACE inhibitor which competes against Angiotensin I. Decreasing blood pressure- can cause fatal liver problems	Captopril
Thiazide diuretic which inhibits the Na-Cl cotransporter causing an increase in K+ excretion	Bendrolumethiazide
Inhibits sodium ion transport in the ascending limp of the loop of Henle, indirectly increasing potasium excretion	Chlortalidone
Alpha adrenoreceptor antagonist - inhibitys the postynaptic alpha(1)-adrenoceptors on vascular smooth muscle causing peripheral vasodilation	Doxazosin
Aldosterone antagonist causes increased excretion of sodium and water while retaining potassium	Spironolactone
Loop diuretic which inhibits water reabsorption in the nephron by blocking the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter in the ascending loop of Henle	Furosemide
Anticonvulsant which directly inhibits carbonic anhydrase in the CNS which decreases CO2 tension in the pulmonary alveoli - also used to treat glaucoma	Acetazolamide
platinum based alkylating agent used to treat a range of cancers	Cisplatin
Folate antagonist to treat condtions of overactivity such as rheumatoid arthrits and cancer and induction of medical abortions	Methotrexate
GABA receptor agonist which increases synaptic inhibiton to elevate seizure threshold and reduce the spread of seizure activiyt form the focus - lots of sedative-hypnotic effects	Phenobarbital
grace	Pethidine
Diurectic used to decrease cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure	Mannitol

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