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Karteikarten von cescah1004, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von cescah1004
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| Frage | Antworten |
| Name the barriers of Prehistoric Surgery and Anatomy. | Communication: ability to pass on knowledge, cave paintings kept incorrect knowledge alive. Supernatural: main way that prehistoric people explained how the world worked led to incorrect methods and assumptions. |
| Name the breakthroughs within Prehistoric Surgery and Anatomy. | Trephining: based on letting spirits out, yet it was a surgical procedure (ish). Some basic healing by medicine men and women, along with witch doctors. Evidence of bones healing with the use of early, basic splints/bandages. |
| Name the barriers with Ancient Egyptian Surgery and Anatomy. | Dissection is banned- the body was kept preserved for use in the afterlife. They had limited knowledge. They believed heavily in the supernatural. |
| Name the ways in which Ancient Egyptian Surgery and Anatomy continued as in previous eras. | Supernatural explanations still dominated. Still didn't understand how the body worked: brain thrown away during mummification. Still didn't understand disease and infection, either. |
| Name the breakthroughs of Ancient Egyptian Surgery and Anatomy. | The River Nile brought about the Theory of Blockages. Some drugs used (e.g. Opium). Mummification aided knowledge of anatomy. Communication improved: papyrus, hieroglyphics, trade. Some surgical procedures: evidence is carvings in temples, metal surgical instruments. Doctors looked at patients. Used willow after surgery to treat wounds: it contained salicylic acid. |
| Name the barriers of Ancient Greek Surgery and Anatomy. | Supernatural and the role of the Gods was still key. |
| Name the ways in which Ancient Greek Surgery and Anatomy continued as in previous eras. | There was no evidence that they successfully operated inside the body. They had no anaesthetics. They only had herbal antiseptics. Surgery remained very risky and was a last resort. There was no understanding of germs and infection. |
| Name the barriers for Ancient Roman Surgery and Anatomy. | Belief in the Gods. Galen made mistakes as he worked on animals rather than humans. Galen believed: blood was used up, holes in the sternum would let blood pass from left to right. Galen passed on a long-lasting legacy (his works were followed for over 1500 years) and he wrote over 100 books. |
| Name the ways in which Ancient Roman Surgery and Anatomy continued as in previous eras. | Internal operations are still highly risky and rare. |
| Name the breakthroughs within Ancient Roman Surgery and Anatomy. | More structured society: taxation, laws, government. Work of Galen: discovered that the brain controls speech instead of heart, so understanding of anatomy increased. He also worked on gladiators and wounded soldiers- large number of simple operations. Amputations and Trephining performed. |
| Name the barriers with Medieval Surgery and Anatomy. | FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE: knowledge lost as warfare spread between smaller kingdoms, barbarians attacked, documents destroyed. Superstition spread across Europe. Importance of religion increases, |
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