Oral presentation & interaction

Frage	Antworten
Name the 7 components of skilled communication.	- Should be transactional. - Should be goal-directed. - Should be interrelated (simultaneous) - Skills should be appropriate to the situation. - Skills should be identifiably units of behavior. - Behaviors are learned. - Skills are under cognitive control.
Name the three mediums, and explain them.	- Presentational (voice, body, face) - Representational (books, paintings, pictures) - Technological (internet, phone, tv, radio)
What are codes, and name an example.	- Signs and symbols specifying specific rules. - Examples: French, sign-language, cultural codes.
What is noise? Give examples.	Any interference with the success of the communicative act. Examples: Body language, lack of eye-contact.
What is context?	Physical setting, social aspect, chronological, cultural, relationship (including status).
Name three factors in relationship negotiation.	- Affiliation (liking) - Dominance (eye-contact, politeness, hesitance) - Intensity
Name, and explain, the five knowledge schemas.	- Self-schema (knowledge of self) - Event schema (where are you, what is the situation) - Roles (expectations due to roles) - Causal (if I do x, the y will happen) - Person (social categorization of others, stereotypes)
Examples of what people bring to social encounters as baggage.	- Assumption - Emotions - Expectations - Experiences - Motives - Values
What is emotional intelligence?	The ability to understand and manage your own and other's mood and emotions.
Name and explain the types of non-verbal communication (book)	- Haptics (physical touch) - Kinesics (body movement: gestures, head nods, posture, facial expression, eye contact) - Proxemics (through personal space) - Physical characteristics (body shape, size) - Environmental factors (social surroundings) - Vocalics (communication through non-verbal elements of speech such as pitch, intonation, etc)
Name and explain the types of non-verbal communication (article)	Paralanguage (what lies between verbal and NVC) - Vocal qualifiers: Volume, pitch, intonation - Vocalization: 'Ahem' 'Uhm', etc. Fillers. Non-verbal messages - Eye-contact - Facial expressions - Gestures (head movements etc) - Timing (who initiates) - Touching - The language of space - Appearance - Silence
Explain difference between pitch, volume, intonation, stress	Pitch: Relative highness or lowness of the voice. Volume: How high it is being said. Intonation: Variation in pitch Stress: Where to emphasize on the word.
Explain the three circles of English as a lingua franca.	Inner circle: English as L1/mother tongue. UK, US. Outer circle: English as L2, second language (India) Expanding circle: English used, but not as L1 or L2. (DK, GE, etc) (Dual context: countries with both 'outer' and expanding characteristics) (IBL: English as international business language)
Name the four possible employee responses to switching to English.	Focus on buy-in and belief. - Oppressed - Frustrated - Indifferent - Inspired
Name the types of miscommunication.	- Total lack of understanding - Distortion of the message - Inappropriateness/cultural insensitivity - Insufficient vocabulary
Specific vs diffuse cultures.	Specific: Direct, to the point, precise, blunt, could be perceived as aggressive. Western. Diffuse: Indirect, evasive, aimless, could be perceived aloof, shy. Asian.
Name the three important factors of self-disclosure.	- Emotional timing. - Relevance timing. - Situational timing.
Five step process to self-disclosure.	- Build foundation of self-knowledge. - Consider relevance to the task - Keep disclosures genuine - Understand cultural and organizational context. - Delay of avoid overly personal revelations.
Communication strategy: Explain Grice's maxims.	The maxim of quantity: try to be as informative as possible and give the information needed. No more. The maxim of quality: try to be as truthful as possible. The maxim of relation: try to be as relevant as possible. The maxim of manner: try to be as clear, brief, orderly as possible.
Name the 6 specific listening strategies.	- Discriminative listening (look for reaction) - Comprehension listening (try to understand) - Evaluative listening (try to form opinion) - Appreciative listening (seek emotional satisfaction) - Empathic listening (try to demonstrate compassion) - Dialogic listening (listen to create meaning)
Two overall listening strategies.	Top-down: Listening taps into background knowledge, situation, context Bottom-up: Language based. Look for detail, specific words.
What is reflection?	Statements in the interviewer's own words that encapsulate the words of the interviewee.
What is persuasion?	Persuasion is influence when there is resistance. Or "the conscious manipulation…to induce others to take action" E.g. getting a friend to hang out, making suggestions to boss.
What is two-way persuasion called?	A negotiation.
Name the six main purposes of pursuasion.	- Adoption (start new...) - Continuance (keep doing...) - Improvement (do it better...) - Deterrence (Don't...) - Discontinuance (Stop...) - Reduction (Do it less...)
Consider the time aspect of persuasion success.	- Instant success. - No change. - Increased resistance. - Delayed success (sleeper effect)
Effective team performance affected by what factors.	- External conditions - Resources of group members. - Structure of the group. - Group process - Group task - Group composition
Explain the Johari window model.	Four quadrants which illustrates one person. - Open area (what is known to self and known to others) - Blind area (what is unknown to self, but known to others) - Hidden area (what is known to self, but not known to others) - Unknown area (what is unknown to yourself and others)
Explain the ACE model.	Analysis of your 'voice'. - Signature voice (where you want to be) - Driving voice (high voice for self, low voice for others) - Supportive voice (low voice for self, high voice for others) - Passive voice (low voice for both) ACE: Find you assumptions, communication strategies, and energy. Identify your strengths and weaknesses.
What are open questions better at than closed?	- More accurate - Better at promoting self-disclosure

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