Coastal Landscapes - Key Terms

Beschreibung

Test yourself on the Coastal Landscapes section of the course
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Caused by waves picking up material which is forced against the cliff face gradually wearing it away Abrasion
Where weak acids in rain cause solution of minerals in rock Acid Rain
An opening which passes through a Headland An Arch
Where stones & pebbles knock against each other causing them to become smoother & rounded Attrition
The movement of water down a beach Backwash
A ridge of sand and shingle joining two headlands A bar
An indent in the coastline formed due to the faster erosion of softer rock A Bay
A build up of sand and shingle deposited at the coast A beach
Adding sand to a beach Beach replenishment
Where roots of vegetation grows into cracks in rock splitting it apart Biological Weathering
An opening in a cliff face Cave
The eroding back of a cliffline Cliff Recession
This involves reducing the slope of a cliff to reduce the likelihood of slumping Cliff Regrading
The meeting point between the land and sea Coast
Gentle low frequency waves which have a stronger swash than backwash and build up a beach Constructive Waves
Dissolving of minerals in rocks by sea water Corrosion / Solution
Powerful, frequent waves with a stronger backwash than swash Destructive Waves
The breakdown and removal of material Erosion
The distance over which the wind has blown to form a wave Fetch
The breakdown and removal of material Erosion
Powerful, frequent waves with a stronger backwash than swash Destructive Waves
A wire cage filled with rocks used to protect a cliffline Gabion
A structure built across the beach perpendicular to the coast to stop LSD and build up a beach Groyne
The use of physical man-made structures to control coastal erosion Hard Engineering
A resistant rock outcrop sticking out from the coastline Headland
The transport of material along a coastline by the action of waves Longshore Drift
Where people are gradually moved back from vulnerable areas of coast and the coastline can erode Managed Retreat
A barrier built on the sea bed just off of the coastline to cause waves to break off of the coast Offshore Reef
A long concrete barrier built at the base of a cliff Sea Wall
Slatted wooden or concrete structure built at the base of a cliff to reduce erosion Revetment
Large boulders of resistant rock Rip Rap / Rock Armour
Rotational downward movement of a cliff face due to undermining at the base and saturation of upper material Slumping
Working with natural processes to manage coastal processes Soft engineering
Slow downslope motion of individual soil particles due to gravity Soil Creep
A narrow ridge of sand and shingle projecting from the coastline out into the sea Spit
An isolated column of rock formed when the roof of an arch collapses Stack
offshore rise in water created due to a combination of low pressure, high winds and high tide Storm Surge
A low rock outcrop formed when a stack collapses, often covered at high tide Stump
The movement of water up a beach Swash
A low rock outcrop formed when a stack collapses, often coered at high tide Stump
The movement of water up a beach Swash
A gently sloping rocky platform formed as a cliff erodes Wave-cut platform
The breakdown and decay of rock Weathering
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