Amounts of Substances

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Definitions for Amounts of Substances module in AQA AS Chemistry
Benjamin Rogers-Newsome
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Benjamin Rogers-Newsome
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Relative Atomic Mass (Ar) The average mass of an atom of an element, taking into account it's naturally occurring isotopes, relative to 1/12th the mass of carbon-12
Relative Molecular Mass (Mr) The average mass of a molecule compared to 1/12th the mass of carbon-12
Relative Formula Mass (Mr) The same as relative formula mass for ionic compounds as they do not exist as molecules
Avogadro's Constant Na 6.022 x 10^23 The number of atoms in 12g of carbon-12
A Mole 6.022 x 10^23 particles. A substances formula mass weighed out in grams will contain one mole of that substance
Equation linking Moles, Mass and Mr No. Moles n = Mass m (g) / Mr of substance
Equation linking Particles and Moles No. Particles = Na x No. Moles n
A Solution A solvent with solute dissolved in it
Equation linking Concentration, Moles, and Volume Concentration C (moldm^-3) = No. moles n (mol) / Volume V (dm^3)
The ideal gas equation Pressure P (Pa) x Volume V (m^3) = no. moles n (mol) x gas const R (JK^-1mol^-1) x temperature T (K)
Degrees Celcius to Kelvin + 273
KPa to pa x 10^3
cm^3 to dm^3 x 10^-3
dm^3 to m^3 x 10^-3
cm^3 to m^3 x 10^-6
m^3 to cm^3 x 10^6
m^3 to dm^3 x 10^3
dm^3 to cm^3 x 10^3
Empirical Formula The simplest ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
Molecular Formula The actual ratio of atoms of each element in one molecule of the compound. For ionic substances, actual ratio is the empirical formula.
State Symbols (s) - solid (l) - liquid (g) - gas (aq) - aqueous
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