Key Concepts

Frage	Antworten
Nature	Refers to the idea that social behaviour is biological or innate. Psychologists believe that our behaviour is due to nature whereas sociologists believe that it is down to nurture and learnt within society.
Nurture	Refers to the idea that social behaviour is learnt through society. Sociologists believe that behaviour is due to nurture where as Psychologists believe that it is down to nature , it is biological and innate
Primary Socialisation	Socialisation is the process by which we learn norms, values and behaviour appropriate to our society. Primary socialisation is the way this behaviour is learnt through family. They teach rules, regulation and things that are important and hold value to the people in our society. It is the first stage in a life long process of learning.
Secondary Socialisation	Is the process by which we learn norms, values and behaviour appropriate to our society. Secondary socialisation is the way this behaviour is learnt through agents other than the family such as the media, education, peer group, work and Religion
Formal Social Control	Is used to reinforce societies norms and values to individuals via the agents of socialisation. Formal social control refers to reinforcing mechanisms that are associated with the more formal agents of socialisation such as education and the workplace
Informal Social Control	Formal social control is used to reinforce societies norms and values to individuals via the agents of socialisation. Refers to reinforcing mechanisms that are associated with the more informal agents of socialisation such as the media and peer groups.
Norms	Unwritten rules which guide our behaviour in society. They are based on values. Norms are socially constructed, they are different in different places and they change overtime. They are taught through the agents of socialisation.
Values	Are the beliefs and moral views that are deeply held by most of the people in society, and so can be taken as typical of that culture. Values are socially constructed they are different in different societies and they change overtime. They are taught through the agents of socialisation.
Status	Refers to a position in society. everyone has several statues, and together these are referred to as a 'status set'. Status can either be ascribed, status you are born with, or achieved, a status you work for.
Roles	A role is a part you play in society. People may have more than one role at the same time, each role has a set of norms or patterns of behaviour attached. These may be different in different societies or change over time.
Culture	Culture refers to the belief, customs and wages of life of a society or a social group within a society sociologists argue that culture consists of norms, values, statuses, roles and customs
Subculture	A smaller group within a large one or a minority of a majority culture. Groups of young people who do not follow the same norms and values as each other. They differ in terms of fashion, music, leisure interests and behaviour
High culture	This is the culture of the elite or upper class. Formed by them because they believe only people with good breading can appreciate it. As they are usually privileged in society they operate a system of social closure so those who do not occupy privileged positive cannot access it.
Popular Culture	This is the culture of ordinary people. The media plays a big role in creating popular culture in the UK. This culture borrows ideas from high culture and popularises it among the masses.
Global Culture	Is a result of globilisation. This means that the world has become a smaller place and has become interconnected, global culture has also developed through migration.
Consumer Culture	Culture related to what we buy/ consume in society. People often portray a sense of identity through what they buy/wear. The UK and Western societies have growing and large consumer cultures.
Cultural Diversity	Is when a culture includes a diverse range of groups from different cultural backgrounds living separately in society. There are three types of diversity; class ethnicity and sexuality
Cultural Hybridity/ Multicultralism	This is the idea that refers to different cultures living equally in society. The UK is a multicultural society as 8.9% of the population are from ethnic minority backgrounds.
Identity	Identity is the way you see yourself. This identity comes from the people around you. It is a product of socialisation and can be argued to be imposed on you.

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