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Frage | Antworten |
Autotrophic | organism that makes its own food |
heterotrophic | organism that obtains its food from another organism |
osmosis | the movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration across a semi-permeable membrane |
Diffusion | the passive movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration |
Semi-Permeable | selective permeability controls the movement of biomolecules across cell membranes |
Cancer | group of disorders in which cells loose their ability to control the rate of mitosis and the number of times mitosis takes place |
cell continuity | all cells develop from pre-existing cells |
chromosomes | tightly coiled structures hat contain DNA and protein |
Centromere | point at which te double stranded chromosomes are held together |
Homologous pair | two chromosomes of similar size with the same sequence of genes ( diploid chromosomes ) |
The cell cycle | changes that take place between one cell division and the next one |
mitosis | nuclear division where one nucleus becomes 2, each with the same number of chromosomes |
Meiosis | Nuclear division where one cell becomes 4 daughter cells with half the chromosome number |
fertilisation | fusion of an egg cell and sperm to form a zygote |
Dominant | an allele that masks the effect of another |
recessive | an allele who's effect is only expressed in a homozygous condition |
variation | variation/diversity is the differences in characteristics between individual members of the same species. |
species | a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring |
mutation | sudden change in the structure or amount of DNA |
tissue culturing | growth of cells in or on sterile nutrient medium outside an organism |
co-dominance | incomplete dominance neither allele is completely expressed eg.roan cattle |
response | activity of an organism or part of an organism as a result of a stimulus |
stimulus | anything that causes a response in an organism |
growth regulator | chemical that controls the growth of a plant |
tropism | growth response of a plant to a stimulus |
phototropism | growth of a plant in response to light |
geotropism | growth of a plant in response to gravity |
thigmotropism | growth of a plant in response to touch |
hydrotropism | growth response of a plant to water |
chemotropism | growth response of a plant to chemicals |
auxin | plant growth promoter ( IAA - indole acetic acid ) |
nutrition | the way in which organisms obtain and use their food |
transpiration stream | the movement of water through a plant |
transpiration | the loss of water from the aerial parts of plants |
osmosis | the movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration |
root pressure | the force exerted by water within the xylem tissue of the roots |
plants | multicellular and photosynthetic organisms ( monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous ) |
meristem | composed of unspecialised cells that are continuously dividing by mitosis. |
venation | veins |
bud | undeveloped shoot ( auxiliary / apical / adventitious ) |
vascular system in plants | composed of xylem and phloem |
homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal environment ( e.g. temp regulation ) |
endocrine gland | an organ that secretes a hormone directly into the bloodstream |
hormone | a chemical messenger that is secreted by an endocrine gland directly into the bloodstream where it travels to an organ/tissue where it exerts a specific effect |
exocrine gland | an organ that secretes its product into a duct |
Lymph | a clear liquid that is collected from around cells and is transported by the lymphatic system back to the bloodstream |
lymph vessels | narrow, dead-ending tubes that transport lymph and are present in every organ and tissue in the body |
lymph nodes | small, spherical shaped organs of the lymph system that contain many white blood cells |
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