10378274
| Question | Answer |
| Aerobic capacity is a measure or how efficiently your _______ and _____ can transport oxygenated blood to ________. | Aerobic capacity is a measure or how efficiently your [heart] and [lung] can transport oxygenated blood to [working tissue]. |
| Cardiac output equals to _____. | HR x SV |
| What are the factors directly/indirectly affecting CO? | |
| How can you increase CO? | 1. Increase stroke volume 2. Increase heart rate 3. Increase both |
| What are the two factors affecting BP? | CO and SVR (systemic vascular resistance or TPR, total peripheral resistance) |
| Positional SOB is called ______. | Orthopnea |
| Orthopnea can be measured by _____. | Number of pillows required to feel normal |
| What are some angina equivalents? | 1. chest discomfort 2. arm or back discomfort 3. neck or jaw discomfort 4. trouble breathing 5. lightheadedness 6. sick/stomach upset |
| What are the components of the subjective exam? | 1. health screening/ subjective exam 2. preliminary assessment statement 3. preliminary identification as appropriate for PT |
| What are the components of the objective exam? | 1. body position/ posture/ tasks/ movement analysis 2. hypothesis of key impairments 3. tests and measures 4. Final assessment statement and goals |
| What are the components of intervention? | 1 .directed toward impairment 2. utilize resources to promote efficient posture/ movement strategy in a functional context 3. focus on specific functional goals 4. Focus on the adaptability of the functional goal |
| What is unique about history taking in an inpatient setting? | Able to obtain indirect history from chart review. |
| What are some key features to look for in the chart? | 1. lab values (troponin level, SaO2) 2. physician, nurse, PA notes 3. ECG 4. Vitals 5. Other tests and results 6. Imaging 7. Nutritional intake |
| What does chest x-ray look at? | Lungs, size of the heart, other pathological changes. |
| What is the normal range of ejection fraction? | 55% - 70% |
| LAD stands for | Left anterior descending coronary artery |
| Why is the LAD known as the 'widow maker'? | It supplies a large proportion of the heart ( anterior and anterolateral wall of the LV, and the anterior 2/3 of the septum) |
| The LCX stands for____, it supplies blood to ___________. | Left circumflex artery. Posterolateral wall of LV. |
| The RCX stands for _______. It supplies blood to _____ and ______. | Right circumflex artery. Right ventricle, inferior and true posterior wall of LV and posterior 1/3 of septum. Also gives off the AV nodal coronary artery. |
| What are some key subjective exam questions? | 1. assess the presence of any CURRENT cardiovascular signs and symptoms. 2. Characteristics, time of onset, duration of angina? 3. Risk factor and lifestyle 4. prior level of function? 5. how long has your exercise tolerance be limited? 6. Home environment? 7. Living situation? care-giver? 8. Goals? (activity/ participation) |
| What some common ways to describe chest pain? | 1, squeezing 2. tightness 3. heavy/ elephant sitting on chest 4. may be atypical or asymptomatic |
| What are the criteria for a patient to be stable? | 1. ECG 2. Lab values 3. vital signs over the last 12 - 24 hours 4. no new episode of chest pain in the past 8 hours. 5. Troponin levels are not rising, and starting to decrease. 6. no new signs of uncompensated HF (dyspnea, bilateral crackles > 0.5 of lungs, hypotension) 7. no new significant, abnormal rhythm or ECG changes in past 8 hours 8. able to speak comfortably with a RR< 30 breaths.min 9. Cardiac index (CO/body mass) > 2L/min/m2 10. central venous pressure (CVP) < 12mmHg |
| What is the value of normal BP? | larger than 90/60, less than 120/80 |
| What is the normal HR? | less than 80 |
| What is normal RR? | 12 -20 |
| Normal SpO2? | 95% or greater |
| T/F: Diastolic pressure should not change more than 5-10 with activity. | T. |
| MET of the following exercises: Walking: Toileting: Stair climbing: | Toileting: 1- 2MET Walking: 2 - 3.3 MET depending on speed Stair climbing: down: 2.5METS up: 4 Mets |
| Systolic BP is expected to increase by ____ per MET. | 7 - 12 mmHg |
| HR is expected to increase by ______ per MET. | 7 - 12 bpm |
| DBP is expected to increase by _____ per MET. | Not much. Max change within 10 mmHg is normal. |
| What are the roles of a PT in cardiac rehabilitation? | 1. help people recover 2. provide education 3. increase physical fitness and function 4. reduce cardiac symptoms 5. improve health |
| What are the 3 basic components to exercise? | Warm up Conditioning Cool down |
| Basic acute care guidelines to indicate tolerance to exercise suggests that: 1. HR should be kept ______ 2. SBP should not drop more than ______ 3. the patient should be without significant ______ or ______. 4. RPE should be about ____ on the Borg Scale. | 1. HR should be kept [at no greater than 20 - 30 bpm increase] 2. SBP should not drop more than [10 - 20 mmHg] 3. the patient should be without significant [dysrhythmia] or [dyspnea]. 4. RPE should be about [11 - 13] on the Borg Scale (fairly light to somewhat hard). |
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