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| Question | Answer |
| ______ dysfunction results in decreased oxygenation in blood, and _______ dysfunction results in normal oxygenation but reduced blood flow? | Shunt results in poorly oxygenated blood. Physiology dead space results in decreased blood flow but normal oxygenation |
| (Central/peripheral) chemoreceptors are more sensitive to changes in CO2 level, while (central/peripheral) chemoreceptors are more sensitive to changes in O2 level. | Central: CO2 level. Peripheral: O2 level. |
| Peripheral chemoreceptors don't respond until PaO2 drops below ______. | 60mmHg. |
| Which of the following is higher in apex? 1. Vol% 2. VA (ventilation) 3. Q (perfusion) 4. Va/Q (ventilation/perfusion rate) 5. PO2 6. PCO2 7. PN2 8. O2 content 9. CO2 content 10. pH 11. O2 in 12. CO2 out | 2. VA (ventilation) 4. Va/Q (ventilation/perfusion rate) 5. PO2 8. O2 content 10. pH |
| Increased stiffness and consolidation causes (obstructive/ restrictive) lung disorders. | Restrictive. |
| Loss of radial traction/early airway closure results in ________. | Obstructive lung disorders. |
| Three major categories of COPD? | 1. emphysema 2. chronic bronchitis 3. asthma |
| must bronchitis be chronic to be classified as COPD? | YES! |
| Pathophysiology of emphysema? | From textbook |
| Emphysema can be categorised as ______ or _______. | CEntrilobular or panlobular. |
| Centrilobular emphysema is more likely a result of ______. It affects ______ more. | Smoking. Affects respiratory bronchiles more. |
| Panlobular emphysema is more likely a result of ______ deficiency. It affects ________ more. | alpha-1 antitrypsin. Affects alveolar ducts and alveoli more |
| Both centrilobule and panlobule emphysema has loss of ______ and ______ destruction. | 1. loss of diffusion area 2. capillary destruction |
| ________ destruction is more often seen in centrilobule emphysema while loss of _______ is more often seen in panlobule emphysema. | 1. bronchial destruciton: centri 2. loss of retractability (recoil): pan |
| T/F: patients with early emphysema may have near normal PaO2 and PaCO2. It is compensated by _______ and ______. | T. Compensated by increased breathing efforts and mild hypoxic vasoconstriction. |
| Compromised radial traction and decreased alveolar elastic recoil contributes to airway collapsing and air trapping during _________. | Expiration. |
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