Chapter 6 - Cells at work/Cell motabolism

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Year 11 Human Bio ATAR 2017 Chapter 6 - Cells at work/Cell motabolism
Zita Wormuth
Flashcards by Zita Wormuth, updated more than 1 year ago
Zita Wormuth
Created by Zita Wormuth about 7 years ago
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Question Answer
What is metabolism? All the chemical reactions that place in cells
Metabolism is made up of 2 types of chemical reactions - what are they? 1. Catabolism 2. Anabolism
What is catabolism? Where large molecules are broken down to smaller ones
What is anabolism? Where small molecules are built up into larger ones
What are some examples of organic compounds? Carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids
What are some examples of inorganic compounds? Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and minerals. Because they don't contain carbon - if they do, only a small amount
What are enzymes? Proteins that allow chemical reactions to take place at normal body temperature
What is activation energy? The energy needed to get a chemical reaction started
What is a substrate? The molecules on which an enzyme acts
What is the active site? The part of an enzyme molecule that combines with the substrate
What is the enzyme-substrate complex? When the enzyme and substrate have combined
List the 7 factors that affect enzyme activity 1. Concentration of enzyme (Higher=fast) 2. Concentration of substrate 3. Products of reaction must be removed 4. Temperature 5. pH level 6. Co-factors & co-enzymes 7. Enzyme inhibitors
What is the formula for cellular respiration?
How is adenosine diphosphate created? By removing a phosphate molecule from adenosine triphosphate
Does anaerobic respiration require oxygen? No
Does aerobic respiration require oxygen? Yes
List the 7 uses of energy for the cell 1. Movement of the cell 2. Movement of Organelles 3. Building complex molecules 4. Cell division and growth 5. Maintaining cell organisation 6. Active transport 7. Transmission of nerve impulses
What is synthesis? The combining of small molecules to make larger ones
What is a nutrient? Any substance in our food used for growth, repair or maintenance
What is the use of water in cell metabolism? Water is the substance that substances are dissolved in during metabolism
What is the use of carbohydrates in cell metabolism? They are the main source of energy for cells and their are broken down to release energy
What is the use of lipids in cell metabolism? Also an energy source
What is the use of proteins in cell metabolism? Proteins break down into amino acids which can create new proteins like enzymes
What is the use of minerals in cell metabolism? Function as co-factors or are apart of ATP
What is the use of vitamins in cell metabolism? Act as co-enzymes
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