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Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Willis, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Willis
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Simple VS Facilitated Diffusion | -Simple - the molecules move directly through the phospholipid bi-layer Facilitated - Molecules pass through transport proteins (large carrier, channel protein) |
| Factors which alter the rate of diffusion | - SA ( ↑ = ↑ R of Diffusion) -Concentration Gradient (↑=↑ rate of diffusion) -Thickness (↓ = ↓distance and ∴ ↑ r of diffusion) -Temperature (↑ = ↑Kinetic energy= ↑ r of diffusion) - Size of molecules (↓ size =↑ r of diffusion) |
| What is Ficks Law? | (Surface Area x Conc GRadient) / Thickness |
| Definition of Osmosis? | Movement of water from a high water potential to an area of low water potential through a particle permeable membrane |
| What liquid has the highest water potential? | Distilled / pure water (0kPa) |
| What happens if you surround an animal cell with pure water? | Swells and burst ( water enters by osmosis) |
| Why doesn't a plant cell burst when surrounded by pure water? | Cell wall prevents it from bursting -made of cellulose and it is turgid |
| ADD Qs on Opposite to previous 2 q's | d |
| kvkv | d |
| Define Active Transport | Movement of Molecules from area of low conc to high con using ATP and carrier proteins -Against conc gradient |
| Process of Active transport | - molecules (in area of low concentration) bind to carrier protein -ATP breaksdown to ADP, Pi and Energy - the Pi and Energy cause the carrier protein to change shape - carrier protein releases molecules on opposite side (in area of high concentration) - the carrier protein releases the attached Pi to return to its original shape |
| Adaptation of Small Intestine | -folded to form Villus (large surface area) -cells lining SI have Microvilli (large surface area) -wall of SI is thin (short diffusion distance) -rich blood supply (maintains concentration gradient) -cells lining SI have transport proteins and mitochondria |
| What is the process of Active Transport of Glucose in the Small Intestine | - sodium ions are actively transported from the cells lining the SI into the blood - lowers the sodium ion concentration in the cell -therefore sodium ions move from the lumen of the SI into the cell -this pulls in glucose via a cotransport protein -therefore glucose builds up in the cell and moves into the blood by diffusion |
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