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| Question | Answer |
| Anatomy of a long bone Epiphysis | End of the bone, largerly cancellous |
| Anatomy of a long bone Epiphyseal | Cartlidge growth found in the epiphysis. Replaced by cancellous bone at 16-20 female and 18-20 male |
| Anatomy of a long bone Diaphysis | Shaft of the long bone. Consists of campact bone, with the central cavity called the medullary cavinty |
| Anatomy of a long bone Medullary cavity | Used as a fat storage site. Yellow bone marrow cavity |
| Anatomy of a long bone Articualr cavity | Found where bones meet. Prevents jaring and allows bone to move freely over each joint |
| Anatomy of a long bone Articualr cavity | Found where bones meet. Prevents jaring and allows bone to move freely over each joint |
| Anatomy of a long bone Periostium | Outer sheath of the bone, does not cover the articaulr cartilidge |
| Spongy/ cancellous | Strong, light, honeycombed apperance. Found in the epiphysis it acts as a cousioning |
| Anatomy of a long bone Compact bone | Heavy denses and strong found in diaphysis |
| What are the three basic functions of a muscle | Create heat Provide Movement Posture |
| What are the three types of muscles tissue | Skeletal Smooth Cardiac |
| Describe skeletal muscles | Cover the skeleton gives the body shape Attached to bone by tendon Volunatary Striated having a cylindical stripped apperance Generate heat |
| Smooth Muscles | Found in the walls of internal organs with hallow cavities Involuntary Non-striared do not have a striped cylindrical apperance |
| What are the 6 major locations of smooth muscle | Blood Vessels Resp system Digestive system Urinary Systemem The eye Reproductive system |
| Cardiac msucle | Found only in the heart Involunatary |
| Define the muscle tissue properties | Contractibility- have the ability to change shape becasues of stimuli (usually shortening) Provide force -create tension and movement |
| Slow twitch muscles | Known are red type 1 fibres (red becasues of myoglobin) Slow contraction time 80-100 ms to reach maximal tension Low force of contraction Faligues slowly High use of aerobic energy More mitocondira and high capilary density |
| Fast twitch muscle fibres | Known as white High contractibility time 40-90ms Fatigues quickly High force of contraction there are 2 types Fast 2a- posses patially aerobic chacteristics Fast 2b- posses anerobic chacteristics |
| List the 3 types of joints | Fiborus Cartiliginous Synovial |
| Define a fibourus joint and give and example | No movement The skull |
| Define a Cartiliginous joint and give an example | Slight movement between the ribs and sternum, the vertabrae |
| Define a synovial joint and the 2 types of movement | Freely moving Gliding linear movement Angular movement |
| Gliding linear movent | Surfaces slide against each other Most common joint Intercarpel joint, stenum and clavicle and carpels and metacarpels |
| Define the therer angular movement supgroups | Uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial |
| Define a hinge joint | Movement occurs on one axis can flex and extend eg. Knee, elbow and ankle |
| Define an ellipsoid joint and give an example | Flex and extend, abduction and adduction. Movement occurs of 2 axis. Wrist |
| Define an ellipsoid joint and give an example | Flex and extend, abduction and adduction. Movement occurs of 2 axis. Wrist |
| Define an condyloid joint and give an example | Flex and extend, abduction and adduction. Movement occurs of 2 axis. Metacarpel and phlanges |
| Define a saddel joint and give an example | Flex and extend, abduction and adduction. Movement occurs of 2 axis. Base of the thumb |
| Define a ball and socket joint and give an example | Rotate around on all three axies Hip and shoulder |
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