125043
| Question | Answer |
| Unconditioned Response (UCR) | The natural, automatic response to a specific unconditioned stimulus |
| Conditioned Stimulus (CS) | A stimulus that evokes a specific response due to learning |
| Conditioned Response (CR) | A reflex response to a previously neutral stimulus that occurs after learning has taken place |
| Acquisition | The learning itself; the gaining (acquiring) of a knowledge or skill |
| Acquisition Process | The process of learning the conditioned response |
| Acquisition Phase | The period of time between presentation of a stimulus and receiving reinforcement |
| Extinction | The gradual decrease in strength or frequency of a conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is no longer available |
| Spontaneous Recovery | The reappearance of a conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus after a period of apparent extinction |
| Stimulus Generalisation | When stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus produce the same response |
| Stimulus Discrimination | The ability to discriminate between stimuli so that only a specific stimulus produces the conditioned response |
| Graduated Exposure/Systemic Desensitisation | A type of behaviour therapy used to reduce a phobia, involving exposing a person to their phobia- causing stimulus or situation very slowly, by degrees, under relaxed conditions until the fear response is extinguished |
| Phobia | An intense and irrational fear of an object, situation or thing, which persists over time |
| Counter-conditioning | A behavioural therapy based on the classic conditioning principles, which conditions new, pleasant responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted responses |
| Aversion Therapy | A type of behavioural therapy that uses classical conditioning principles to change an undesirable behaviour by associating it with an unpleasant stimulus |
| One-trial Learning | A form of classical conditioning where learning occurs after a single pairing of a neutral stimulus and an unpleasant stimulus; one instance of pairing creates a lasting association |
| Taste Aversion | A type of one-trial learning that is a learnt avoidance of a particular food after it has been associated with just one pleasant experience |
| Response | Any identifiable behaviour, external or internal, that is elicited by a stimulus |
| Stimulus | Any object or event that elicits a response |
| Antecedent | An event that comes before a response |
| Consequence | An event that comes after the response; the effect of the response |
| Reinforcement | Any event that increases the likelihood that a response or behaviour will occur again |
| Classical Conditioning | A form of learning where two normally unrelated stimuli are repeatedly linked so that existing reflex responses are elicited by new stimuli; aka Pavlovian or respondent conditioning |
| Neutral Stimuli (NS) | A stimulus that does not naturally elicit and specific response |
| Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) | A specific stimulus that is innately capable of eliciting a reflex or response |
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